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A trainable computer chip that works like a brain

21.10.2013

Computing technologies are still far behind the capabilities of the human brain, which has billions of neurons and is able to process a lot of data from a huge array of stimuli. But Qualcomm is hoping to close the gap a bit and is creating a new architecture that is similar to how the brain works - such chips can learn new skills and respond to incoming impulses without the need for a person to write any additional code.

The company calls these solutions Zeroth processors and classifies them as a new type - NPU (Neural Processing Unit), which will be integrated into future SoCs along with the CPU and GPU. She has already created a software toolkit that can teach computers good and bad behavior without explicit programming. Qualcomm demonstrated the technology by creating a robot that only moves towards white floor tiles after being stimulated by being on one of the tiles. The robot is attracted to white tiles due to the fact that he simply received the command "good robot".

The architecture of the NPU is created according to the type of biological neurons. It is reported that Qualcomm is going to provide interested developers and startups with a ready-made software platform next year to get acquainted with the architecture. Such systems can be much more efficient than conventional computers, for example, in recognizing familiar images (faces in a crowd of people, handwritten text, and so on).

Qualcomm is not the only company trying to create computing systems that are similar in principle to the biological brain. IBM has a similar SyNAPSE project, in which the system evaluates objects and ideas, rather than working like a typical computer algorithm.

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