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Clouds of a distant planet

02.10.2013

The Spitzer telescope was able to study the Jupiter-like planet Kepler-7b, which revolves around its star in an extremely close orbit: 0,06 astronomical units (one astronomical unit is the distance from Earth to the Sun). There can be no life on such a planet, since measurements made using the Spitzer infrared telescope indicate an extremely high surface temperature of the exoplanet - 820-1030 degrees Celsius. In addition, this is one of the least dense giant planets known: if you could put Kepler-7b in a bath, then the exoplanet would float on the surface of the water. The exoplanet Kepler-7b makes one revolution around the parent star in just 5 days.

Astronomers using Spitzer have been observing the planet Kepler-7b for more than 3 years. During this time, a very low-resolution map was compiled that gives an idea of the atmosphere of the gaseous giant.

"We didn't expect to see oceans or continents on this hot planet," says MIT scientist Brice-Olivier Demory. "But we did find signs of clouds."

The planet Kepler-7b has a cloudier western part, while the sky is clear in the east. This fact was established by changing the phases of the planet. Long-term observations have shown that there is a bright spot in the western hemisphere of the planet. However, these data were not enough to accurately determine the nature of the spot: whether it is traces of clouds or is it a release of heat from the surface of the planet. The Spitzer telescope played a decisive role in finding the answer to this question.

Spitzer's observations have shown that the exoplanet Kepler-7b is too cold to create a bright spot. Scientists believe that this spot is the light of a star reflected by clouds on the western side of the planet.

Thanks to the clouds, Kepler-7b reflects more light than any of the giant planets that have been discovered so far. Unlike the Earth, the pattern of the exoplanet's clouds changed throughout the observation period. Thus, Kepler-7b has a surprisingly stable climate.

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Scientists analyzed the impact of having a dog in the house on a person's physical and mental health and identified a number of significant benefits, despite the presence of scientific studies that call this into question.

A study of nearly 4 million people in the US, Canada, Scandinavia, New Zealand, Australia and the UK in 2019 found that owning a dog was associated with a 24% reduction in the likelihood of premature death from any cause.

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