Helicopters with compressed air propellers. Free Technical Library News

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Helicopters with compressed air propellers

17.02.2013

The German aerospace center DLR is experimenting with modified helicopter blades that should reduce vibration and increase the maneuverability and speed of helicopters. The know-how of the new blade lies in the supply of compressed air through tiny holes along the leading edge.

The rotor blades of a helicopter cause a disturbance in the air at the moment when the blade moves in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the helicopter. This dynamic stall near the trailing edge of the blade is especially pronounced at high speed in level flight or during fast maneuvers. Due to turbulence, not only does lift drop and air resistance increase, but vibration and deformation of the blades also begin. All these phenomena limit the maximum speed and maneuverability of helicopters, especially at high altitudes.

The air supply from the openings in the leading edge can reduce turbulence and significantly improve the performance of the blades in extreme conditions. The new blade has 42 holes with a diameter of 3 mm for the release of compressed air, as well as 74 sensors that measure changes in air pressure 6000 times per second. Currently, German scientists are testing a meter-long blade in the transonic wind tunnel of the DLR Institute in Göttingen. This tube can simulate flight at speeds from 1000 to 2700 km/h.

According to Karl Richter, head of the DLR project, testing a new blade in a wind tunnel is the most difficult evaluation of the dynamic parameters that he has yet to deal with.

Currently, preparations are underway for testing the blade in the process of its rotation. The DLR research team believes that initially the supply of compressed air to the blades will be used to perform complex maneuvers, such as in critical situations. The system will be activated manually from the cockpit.

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