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HIV cures cancer

09.09.2012

Can HIV become a biotechnological tool to improve human health? According to the CNRS laboratory team, yes, it can. Taking advantage of the fact that HIV constantly replicates itself, the researchers chose a specific type of mutant protein. By adding it to the culture of tumor cells in combination with an anticancer drug, they achieved an increase in the effectiveness of treatment. The results of the study were published in PLoS Genetics.

The results obtained by scientists mean that in the future, HIV can be used in the process of creating a drug for long-term therapeutic use in the treatment of cancer and other pathologies.

The human immunodeficiency virus that causes AIDS uses human cell material to reproduce. First of all, it inserts its genetic material into the genome of the host cell. The hallmark of HIV is that it constantly mutates and therefore creates several mutant variations as it grows. This allows the virus to adapt to environmental changes, reproduce itself and resist modern antiviral drugs.

At the Institute for Molecular and Cellular Biology (IBMC) in Strasbourg, France, researchers decided to use these properties of HIV for therapeutic purposes, in particular for the treatment of cancer. First, they altered the HIV genome by introducing a human gene found in all cells, deoxycytidine kinase, a protein that activates anticancer drugs. Researchers have been working for many years to create a more efficient form of deoxycytidine kinase. Thanks to HIV mutations, the CNRS team selected almost 80 mutant proteins and tested them on tumor cells in the presence of anticancer drugs. The resulting variations made it possible to choose the most effective type of deoxycytidine kinase. This means that it has become possible to reduce the doses of anticancer drugs and therefore mitigate the problems associated with the toxicity of their components and side effects.

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Childhood for testosterone 10.07.2018

Testosterone for men is, without exaggeration, one of the key hormones: puberty and the ability to have children depend on it, it also largely determines the behavior and appearance of a man (testosterone, for example, affects the development of bones and muscles, and therefore growth and body weight) .

In different people, its level can differ markedly, although remaining within the normal range. What affects testosterone levels? From genes, from lifestyle, from nutrition and from other factors.

Among these other factors, researchers from Durham University, Northwestern University and the University of Chittagong highlight childhood in particular - testosterone levels in an adult male are very dependent on the conditions in which he grew up.

Kesson Magid and colleagues compared the hormone levels of men with different biographies living in Bangladesh and the UK: some grew up in Bangladesh and stayed there; others moved to the UK as children; still others moved to the UK as adults; the fourth were born in Britain, but their parents were from Bangladesh; finally, in the fifth group there were men living in Britain and whose ancestors were Europeans.

All testosterone levels were within normal limits. However, for example, those who grew up in the UK (regardless of who their parents were and where they were born, here or in Bangladesh), the level of the hormone was about the same. Moreover, these men were about the same height, and they also began puberty at about the same age. And in general, they had more testosterone than those who grew up in Bangladesh. In turn, those who grew up in Bangladesh not only had less testosterone, they were also shorter on average and had a later onset of puberty.

Doctors have long been saying that childhood greatly affects testosterone levels, and this influence lasts almost a lifetime. For example, infertility in men can develop due to problems with testosterone, and infertility has been known to occur due to childhood mumps.

But the speech in this case is not only about childhood diseases - although they, it is worth repeating once again, quite strongly affect the level of testosterone. Obviously, children in different parts of the world eat differently and generally lead different lifestyles, which probably cannot but affect the development of the hormonal system.

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