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The universe is threatened by dark energy

02.08.2012

About 70% of the entire universe is dark energy, so it is logical to assume that it is she who decides the final fate of our universe. A group of Chinese researchers asked the question: how much does the lifespan of the universe depend on it? The result was discouraging.

Thanks to the rapid development of modern cosmology in the past three decades, scientists have received possible answers to important questions: where everything around came from and where it will go. The Standard Model explains: The universe was formed as a result of a powerful expansion and the Big Bang. However, to predict the future fate of the universe, it is necessary to carefully analyze the role of dark energy in the existence of the universe.

So far, no one knows exactly what dark energy is, so theorists can rely only on indirect observations and on calculating the ratio of pressure to dark energy density (W). Since it is the properties of dark energy that decide the future fate of the Universe, the calculation of the parameters of a mysterious substance can tell a lot about our future. In particular, if W is less than -1, the density of dark energy will grow to infinity and its gravitational repulsion will tear apart all objects in the Universe. It will be a "judgment day" for the entire universe, which will end its existence in the form we are used to.

One of the most intriguing questions is: if the end of the world comes, then when? Using the Monte Carlo analysis method with Markov chains, the authors calculated that the end of the Universe will come no later than 103,5 billion years, and with a 95,4% probability - after 16,7 billion. In other words, in the worst case, the Universe has already lived about half of its life, and in 16,7 billion years it will literally be torn to shreds.

Observations show that the parameter W in the future will most likely be less than -1, which means that the end is inevitable. If so, another interesting question arises: what will happen to gravitationally bound objects such as galaxies and stars? Unfortunately, the fate of even large objects is sad: the gravitational repulsion of dark energy will constantly increase and, as a result, it will overcome all the forces that hold stars and planets together. Not a single object, whether it be a supergalaxy or a small asteroid, will escape the apocalypse and be destroyed. For example, in the worst-case scenario (in 16,7 billion years), the Milky Way will break 32,9 million years before the next Big Bang. The Earth will break out of the solar system 2 months before the end of the world, the Moon will leave our sky 5 days, and 16 minutes before the death of the Universe, our planet will explode.

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