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Bones grow from fish scales

14.06.2012

Japanese researchers at the Tokyo Institute of Technology have developed a method for growing artificial bones from fish scale collagen.

The basis of the bone tissue grown by scientists is type I collagen, which is extracted from tilapia scales. According to the authors, fish scales are an ideal raw material for the isolation of collagen, since they do not contain fat and are almost pure collagen, which, after the extraction procedure, is completely devoid of the characteristic smell of fish. Collagen extracted from fish scales forms fibrous membranes with a fiber spacing of 67 nanometers, which corresponds to the periodicity of the structure of human collagen.

The developers claim that their technology allows growing artificial bone tissue within 3 months, which is much faster than a similar procedure using porcine skin collagen, which takes 6 months. Moreover, the use of squamous collagen for the formation of bone tissue makes it possible to obtain a material that is qualitatively superior to the substance obtained from porcine collagen. It is more durable, transforms into bone tissue faster when implanted into bone defects, and, finally, its use eliminates the risk of infecting patients with mammalian viruses, which potentially infect material excreted from the body of pigs.

According to the authors, one of the main goals of their research is to develop methods for using fish scale collagen to restore bone defects resulting from the removal of tumors in elderly people whose bones have already lost the ability to self-repair. However, there are cases when young people who have lost significant bone fragments as a result of serious injuries also need bone tissue transplantation. Therefore, bone tissue from fish scales can become a fairly demanded material in medical practice.

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