The mystery of the natural mushroom factory is solved. Free Technical Library News

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Mystery of natural mushroom factory solved

01.05.2012

Researchers at the University of Bristol have unraveled the mystery of a mushroom 'natural factory' that could help develop new drugs.

In 1942, scientists first isolated an aromatic compound known as stypitic acid from mushrooms. By 1945, the structure of this substance had been studied, but it turned out to be so unique that it revolutionized organic chemistry.

Stipitatic acid is very unusual. It shows properties similar to the aromatic six-membered rings of benzene, but is a seven-membered carbon rings known as tropolones. Until now, it was a mystery how fungi synthesize such a substance using biological processes, because chemists managed to produce tropolone rings only with the help of complex chemical reactions in the presence of nickel and platinum.

Using a combination of genetic and chemical methods, scientists have for the first time identified the genes responsible for the production of tropolones in mushrooms. The researchers blocked the synthesis process at various stages and thus restored the pattern of synthesis at the molecular level.

Stipitatic acid is the basis of a number of fungal compounds that can be used to make antidepressants, antimalarials, and antibacterials. The discovery of the biosynthetic process for tropolone could lead to the creation of cheap and efficient methods for the production of new drugs.

Currently, scientists plan to use genetic engineering to create mushrooms capable of producing new medicinal compounds.

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