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The laser will take the missile away from the target

26.10.2010

Preparing for the wars of the present and future, the Americans do not get tired of developing means of protecting their military personnel. Helicopters are now successfully replacing cavalry, providing the transfer of troops over long distances. And they fight them with the help of small rockets equipped with a heat sensor to accurately hit the engine.

How to protect a helicopter from such a missile? Another method was proposed by University of Michigan professor Mohammed Islam, who founded his company and received a one million dollar grant from the army agency DARPA to create production.

At the heart of the protection is a supercontinuum fiber laser operating at medium infrared frequencies. Such lasers in the visible range emit light in a wide range of wavelengths. An infrared laser with a similar wide spectrum creates the illusion of a warm object, and the rocket flies towards this phantom, and not towards a real helicopter.

The laser created by Professor Islam, unlike other examples of such protection, has no moving parts, which reduces the price and increases reliability.

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Over 300 types of ice identified 13.12.2017

Takahiro Matsui and his colleagues at Okayama University, Japan, calculated that there could be - in addition to the already modeled zeolite ice - an even less dense phase, which they called "air ice" (aeroice).

More than 300 kinds of porous molecular structures of ice, obtained from zeolite frameworks and cosmic fullerenes, are studied using classical molecular dynamics modeling. The hypothetical zeolite ice phase is found to be less dense and more stable than the rarefied ice structures reported previously.

Moreover, in connection with the zeolite structure of ice, even less dense structures, "air ice", are proposed. According to calculations, this is the most stable solid phase of water near zero absolute temperature at negative pressure.

The ice on the surface of planet Earth that we are so familiar with is a hexagonal crystal structure. High in the atmosphere you can find cubic ice. In addition to them, in nature there are no other structures that give water in the solid state. And since the conditions for the existence of low density ice - the aforementioned zeolite ice - are extremely low pressure and temperature, it is more likely to be found on another planet.

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