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Asphalt in vegetable oil

18.08.2008

The Austrian company "Vialit-Asfalt" has developed a recipe for asphalt on rapeseed oil. This additive ranges from 2 to 20%. Since vegetable oil has a softening effect on bitumen, harder grades of bitumen can be used than in conventional asphalt.

As a result, the pavement dries faster after installation and is stronger than traditional pavement, so it needs to be replaced and repaired less often. Although rapeseed asphalt is 10% more expensive than conventional asphalt, as shown by its use in Austria and Germany, it results in cost savings.

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New stable form of plutonium discovered 31.10.2019

A team of researchers from the HZDR Institute (Helmholtz Zentrum Dresden-Rossendorf), Germany, has discovered a completely new stable form of plutonium quite by accident. This unstable and radioactive element needs special measures during transportation, storage and disposal, and the discovery of German scientists can become a new way to solve the problems mentioned above.

The instability of plutonium makes it an incredibly powerful source of energy, on the one hand, and, on the other hand, a potentially destructive force capable of causing an ecological catastrophe. Some of the isotopes of plutonium can exist for tens of millions of years, and it is easy to imagine the consequences of contamination of groundwater, for example, with such isotopes. Therefore, scientists are constantly looking for new ways to more safely store, transport and dispose of plutonium and its compounds. And just during such studies, scientists from HZDR accidentally found a new stable form.

One of the safest forms of plutonium is plutonium dioxide, which is a ceramic material that does not dissolve in water and has a fairly high melting point. Plutonium dioxide nanoparticles can be obtained in different ways using various starting materials, called precursors (precursors), containing plutonium isotopes. German scientists in their experiments used precursors called Plutonium (VI) (Pu (VI)), dissolved in water, and noticed very strange chemical reactions.

Pu(VI), during its transformation into plutonium dioxide, passed through a transition phase in which this material became solid and stable. Under normal conditions, pentavalent plutonium Pu (V) is neither a solid nor a stable material, so what scientists managed to notice was attributed to the wrong course of chemical reactions for the synthesis of plutonium dioxide.

In order to confirm some of the assumptions, the researchers used the Rossendorf Beamline X-ray spectrometer (ROBL). This device allows you to measure the energy of radioactive elements by irradiating them with X-rays and measuring the intensity of their fluorescence. These studies confirmed the existence of a new phase of Pu(V), and the selected samples were re-tested after three months, which made it possible to confirm the stability of the new form of plutonium for a long time.

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