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IGBT Modules for Three Level UPS Inverters

25.07.2008

SEMIKRON has introduced a new topology of miniature IGBT modules of the SEMITOP series for building three-level inverters for uninterruptible power supplies.

The modules are based on IGBTs with low static and dynamic losses, which can reduce the power dissipation level of a three-level circuit by 60% compared to a two-level converter. In addition, the proposed topology provides a significantly lower value of the distributed inductance of switching circuits.

The new modules are designed for use in UPS with a power of 5...80 kVA. The current range of the new modules with an operating voltage of 600 V is 20...150 A. In UPS applications, this allows you to create converters with a power of 5...80 kVA. Modules with three-level IGBT topology are available in two types of packages: SEMITOP3 (footprint 55x31 mm2) for current 20...50 A and SEMITOP4 (footprint 60x55 mm2) for current 75...150 A.

Miniature isolated IGBT modules of the SEMITOP series are 12 mm high and are fixed with a single central screw.

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Earth's climate is changing 17.03.2013

According to a study by scientists from Louisiana State University, the Earth, even after the most powerful glaciation, can thaw almost instantly (by geological standards, of course). The culprit in this process is carbon dioxide. Considering that our civilization emits a huge amount of CO2 into the atmosphere, the news about the great mobility of the planet's climate is of particular importance.

Approximately 635 million years ago, almost the entire Earth was bound by ice. This glaciation, known as the Proterozoic, occurred before the advent of life. It was it that led to the formation of the current climatic conditions: with a temperature comfortable for life and a high level of oxygen. Thanks to the Proterozoic glaciation, there was a real explosion in the development of living organisms in the late Cambrian period and, ultimately, man appeared.

Until now, scientists have not understood how the Earth, frozen to the tropics, thawed so quickly and restored the balance between the new atmosphere, hydrosphere and biosphere. To answer this question, scientists conducted a study of the sulfate mineral barite (BaSO4), which has been preserved in rocks since the Proterozoic glaciation. This mineral absorbs oxygen during growth and contains 3 stable oxygen isotopes: O-16, O-17 and O-18. In barite from the time of the Proterozoic glaciation, the isotope O-17 was less than expected. Scientists suggest that this is due to the very high content of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere.

Thus, 635 million years ago, very large-scale changes took place in the atmosphere of our planet. Apparently, they are connected with the fact that the ocean was almost completely covered with ice. As a rule, the levels of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are in equilibrium with the levels of carbon dioxide in the ocean. However, if water and air are separated by a thick layer of ice, as was the case during the Proterozoic glaciation, the level of CO2 in the atmosphere rises sharply.

Thus, the Proterozoic glaciation ended with a powerful greenhouse effect, which very quickly warmed up the planet and, in fact, prepared a comfortable "sandbox" for the development of the most diverse animal and plant life on Earth. A similar increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is observed now, only today it is caused by man-made causes.

The study by American scientists also demonstrates how quickly our planet can recover, even after the most massive and catastrophic events. We can not worry about our planet - it is able to save life and give rise to new species in any situation. True, it is not a fact that the Earth will "take care" of people who themselves will "pull the trigger" of global change.

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