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Stay away from the engine

17.11.2007

Mini-power plants, popular among summer residents who do not rely on mains electricity, can be hazardous to health. American doctors came to this conclusion after collecting data on people admitted to Florida hospitals with carbon monoxide poisoning between August and October 2004.

During that fall, four powerful hurricanes swept through the state, causing power outages. During this time, 51 cases of poisoning were noted, in total 167 people were injured. However, there were no severe poisonings. Of the 51 cases, 46 involved mobile power generators. Moreover, often the generator was not in the house and not in the garage next to the house, but in the fresh air, on average, at a distance of 210 centimeters from the living quarters.

The authors of the study emphasize that manufacturers should determine how far from home their generators are safe, and indicate this distance in the instructions for the unit. Better yet, reduce the amount of carbon monoxide in the exhaust.

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Optical vortices around laser beams 03.10.2016

Howard Milchberg of the University of Maryland and his colleagues described a previously unknown phenomenon - optical vortex fields resembling tobacco smoke rings. They arise around beams of powerful lasers.

The laser beam is directed from the source and travels in a straight line until it hits a reflective or absorbing barrier. Under special conditions, the laser beam does not scatter, but, on the contrary, serves as a focusing lens for itself. It is these rays that create rings of vortices around themselves. Milchberg and colleagues called them "spacetime optical vortices" (STOVs). The rings move along the laser beam at the speed of light and limit the flow of energy within them.

Scientists are convinced that optical vortices will be able to explain many of the mysteries of laser physics formulated in the last decade. This is not the first type of vortex optical phenomena to occur around a laser beam; thus, science is well aware of the vortices of orbital angular momentum that move in the direction of the laser beam, just like water that flows out of a vessel through a small hole. They affect the shape of the beam, so manipulations with them are widely used in laser technology. They allow you to create a non-uniform structure of the beam itself and choose what will fall into it and what will not.

A new kind of optical vortex could be even more useful due to its dynamic nature. Scientists expect with their help to learn how to manipulate particles moving at speeds close to the speed of light.

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