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Fulgurites tell of an ancient climate

14.10.2007

The word "fulgurite" comes from the Latin fulgur - lightning. This is a trace of lightning that struck the ground and fused the minerals of the soil into a glassy mass, usually cylindrical in shape.

Mexican geochemist Rafael Navarro-Gonzalez, studying a collection of ancient fulgurites from the sands in southwestern Egypt, obtained data on the climate of this region of Africa 15 years ago. The age is determined by the depth of occurrence of fulgurites in the sand.

The geochemist analyzed gas bubbles trapped in molten glass when fulgurite formed. An increased content of carbon dioxide was noted, and the ratio of carbon isotopes in it indicates that this gas arose as a result of photosynthesis. That is, grass and trees grew on the site of the present desert.

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