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Universal power controller for mobile applications

19.06.2007

National Semiconductor's LP3910 is a flexible Power Management Unit (PMU) solution that includes an integrated buck-boost converter and several different voltage regulators.

In addition, the LP3910 has two separate inputs for powering the device and charging batteries from the USB bus or AC adapter. The integrated charge controller supports automatic switching of energy sources. The presence of a PC interface allows designers to change the electrical characteristics and modes of the power system, such as output voltage values ​​​​and options for switching power supplies for a specific application.

In portable devices using 3,3V power, a boost-buck converter will extend battery life. Li-Ion battery, as the most popular choice for powering mobile applications, typically has an operating voltage range of 2,9V to 4,2V.

When the battery is charged, the converter lowers the voltage to the required value. When the battery is discharged to less than 3,3V, the inverter boosts the voltage. Technically, this allows you to increase the battery life of the device by 10%, compared with a conventional buck converter.

Available in a 3910-pin 48x6mm LLP package, the LP6 programmable power controller contains a 4-channel 8-bit ADC for battery control and two external power supplies.

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Artificial lung tissue following the example of light lizards 09.01.2022

Unlike human lungs with their complex tree structure, light brown anole lizards develop much more simply. And they can become a suitable model for creating artificial lungs, developed by scientists at Princeton University (USA).

In birds and mammals, lungs develop into very complex structures due to endless branching and complex biochemical signaling. The lungs of the brown anole are formed in a simpler way: as if a soft ball is squeezed out of the net, as in an ordinary anti-stress toy.

The lizard's lung begins to develop as a hollow, elongated membrane surrounded by a uniform layer of smooth muscle. During development, the cells of the lungs secrete fluid, and in doing so, the inner membrane slowly swells and thins like a balloon. This puts pressure on the smooth muscle, causing it to contract and spread into fiber bundles, which eventually form a honeycomb-shaped mesh.

Fluid pressure continues to push the elastic membrane outward through the gaps in the sinewy mesh. The result is fluid-filled "bulbs" that cover the lungs. These bulges create a large surface area on which gas exchange occurs. And it's all.

The entire process takes less than two days and is completed within the first week of incubation. In the hatched lizard, air enters the upper part of the lung, circulates around the cavities, and then exits back.

For bioengineers, this speed and ease of lung formation creates a new paradigm for lung tissue design. The study also opens up new avenues for a more detailed study of reptile development.

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