Outboard motor for erythrocyte. Free Technical Library News

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Outboard motor for erythrocyte

09.08.2006

French biologists from the Higher School of Industrial Physics and Chemistry have attached a chain of colloidal particles of iron oxide glued together by DNA to an erythrocyte. They wanted to study the behavior of colloidal iron oxide, used in medicine, when in contact with living cells and biochemical components of the body.

It turned out that in an alternating magnetic field, the "tail" of iron oxide particles begins to vibrate and pulls an erythrocyte along with it, as if imitating the swimming of flagellated protozoa - for example, Euglena green, remembered from school biology lessons. By changing the frequency of the magnetic field, you can vary the speed of swimming.

The phenomenon, discovered by accident, remains only a curious phenomenon, but it is possible that it can be used for the targeted delivery of micro-quantities of drugs to diseased cells or for the assembly of moving nanomechanisms.

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Special electrodes for battery operation in cold weather 26.06.2022

It is known that temperatures below the freezing point of water have a very detrimental effect on the basic parameters of lithium-ion batteries. In the context of electric cars and other vehicles, this means shorter travel distances, longer charging times, problems with regenerative braking systems, and more. Therefore, engineers and scientists involved in the development of new batteries pay great attention not only to increasing their capacity, but also to ensuring uninterrupted operation in extreme temperatures.

Some automakers, notably Ford, equip their car batteries with temperature sensors and heaters that keep the battery temperature within acceptable limits. At the same time, part of the battery energy is spent on heating them, which reduces the travel range of an electric car. Other battery manufacturers use special electrolytes that can operate at sub-zero temperatures.

In the same area, there is a group that includes scientists from several Chinese scientific institutions. They conducted research, the results of which showed that one of the vulnerable components of the battery, responsible for the loss of capacity when the temperature drops, is the anode, one of the battery's two electrodes. As a rule, anodes are made of graphite, which has a flat, smooth surface. So Chinese scientists started experimenting with various alternatives and eventually came across a very promising solution.

The scientists took the composite material ZIF-67 (cobalt-containing zeolite imidazolate framework) and heated it to a high temperature, resulting in the formation of 12-sided carbon nanospheres. These tiny structures have a very developed surface, in addition, they have excellent electrical conductivity. By pressing the resulting material, the researchers made a coin-shaped anode for a battery with a lithium metal cathode.

The conducted experiments showed that the created battery provides stable characteristics during charging and discharging in the temperature range from 25 to -20 degrees Celsius. At temperatures below zero, the battery capacity still drops, but only slightly, to 85,9 percent of its original capacity, which is not comparable to that of traditional lithium-ion batteries. And even at a temperature of -35 degrees Celsius, the battery with the new anode was able to take charge and almost completely give it away during the discharge process.

Scientists believe that the implementation of the results of their work can significantly expand the functionality of lithium-ion batteries in extreme environmental conditions. And not only electric cars, but also drones for various purposes, spacecraft and much more can benefit from this.

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