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There are no more lefties

07.06.2004

According to a study conducted by historians from the University of Montpellier (France), the number of left-handers has not changed over the past 30 thousand years.

Paleolithic people often applied prints of their palms to the walls of caves, pressing their hand to the stone and covering a section of the wall with ocher powder with the other hand (according to some reports, the powder could be applied from a pipe into which the artist blew). Apparently, handprints were made for magical purposes, or maybe this is an analogue of the inscriptions left on the rocks by modern tourists.

Having studied 507 such prints aged 10-30 thousand years in 26 caves in France and Spain, Charlotte Forier and Michel Raymond found that 23% of them belong to the right palms, that is, the authors of these drawings acted with the left hand. Then the historians asked 179 French students to use the same method to leave their prints on sheets of cardboard. It turned out that 22,9% preferred to act with their left hand, receiving an imprint with their right.

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Laser X-ray machine detects radioactive contraband 04.01.2016

For the first time since 1988, the production of plutonium-238 resumed at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory of the US Department of Energy. This unstable isotope, with a half-life of 87,7 years, is used in spacecraft radioisotope generators, and until recently NASA "ate" the plutonium-238 purchased from Russia in 1993. But given that not all of the remaining plutonium meets the required specifications, the Russian isotope is enough for another 2-3 missions. And the new production line will be able to produce 300-400 g per year with an increase in production up to 1,5 kg per year in the future.

However, the Department of Energy is concerned not only about a possible shortage of radioactive materials, but also about their falling into the wrong hands domestically - for example, through more than 100 million containers arriving annually in the United States. Only a small proportion of them pass through customs, and containers with a high degree of national security risk are checked using X-ray and gamma-ray installations and detectors of radioactive materials. But such installations are huge in size and are not able to detect a small amount of radioactive material hidden inside a shielded container.

The solution to the problem was proposed by researchers from the American University of Nebraska in Lincoln. They figured out how to make a laser X-ray machine that can detect a uranium disk the size of three dime coins hidden between 10 cm thick steel panels. developed by university scientists in 7,5. The machine emits a highly focused X-ray beam, similar to a laser pointer, that can travel a considerable distance and detect radioactive material on ships before they enter port.

According to the researchers, the new facility is about the size of a truck trailer, is much safer than existing devices, and has a detection capability far beyond the 1kg mass of uranium required by the standard. The facility was developed with a grant from the US Department of Homeland Security's Office for Nuclear Discovery.

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