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Artificial retina based on organic chips

21.11.2023

Scientists from the Bicoca University of Milan have presented a chip made from electronic organic components capable of emulating the functions of the retina. This technology opens up the prospect of using neural implants to treat eye diseases and neurological disorders.

The resulting prototype of an organic chip capable of emulating the functions of the retina marks a significant step towards the creation of advanced neural interfaces. Despite current limitations, the results hold promise for the treatment of eye diseases and various neurological disorders using new technologies.

The presented device is an organic photoelectrochemical transistor consisting of two thin films of a leading polymer deposited on a glass substrate and connected by an electrolyte. One of the films acts as a channel between the electrodes, and the other acts as a gate. Applying voltage to the gate causes ions to migrate from the electrolyte into the channel, changing its conductivity. The uniqueness of the device lies in the integration of light-sensitive molecules, allowing the “collars” to be controlled using light signals, similar to the work of the retina.

This chip successfully simulated two complementary processes in response to light signals, known as short-term and long-term plasticity. Although the prototype is slower than biological neurons and can only respond to biological signals, scientists are already working on the next version, which can create chemical signals to interact with biological systems.

The project not only anticipates the development of all-organic neural implants, but also opens a new era of interaction between traditional electronics and biological systems.

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Samsung processors with neural network 31.08.2016

Samsung has revealed some details about the structure of the cores of its own design Mongoose, which are used in the Exynos 8890 Octa processors of the Samsung Galaxy S7 and S7 edge flagships. Mongoose kernels use a neural network to predict processor instructions.

In total, the Exynos 8890 Octa has eight cores. Four of them are Cortex-A53, they operate at up to 1,6 GHz, the other four are Mongoose, which have a maximum clock speed of 2,3 GHz.

In modern processors with a pipelined architecture, a branch predictor is used. This is a special block that predicts the next commands that will come to the processor from the application. Instruction prediction helps to load the pipeline and reduce idle time, that is, in general, increase the efficiency of the processor.

In Mongoose kernels, the transition predictor is based on a neural network. Brad Burgess, chief architect of Exynos processors, said that the use of a neural network allowed the company to obtain a fairly high forecasting accuracy.

Mongoose cannot be used in servers as they do not support L2 cache and vectorization.

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