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Cat face expression

04.11.2023

Scientific observation of 53 adult domestic cats revealed that these animals have no less than 276 different facial expressions when communicating with each other. While accurately deciphering the meaning of these expressions appears to be a difficult task, scientists were able to identify about half of them as expressions indicating a friendly mood.

Two researchers from the University of Kansas and Lyon College note that while the facial expressions of domestic cats (Felis silvestris catus) are increasingly being studied, this most often occurs in the context of interactions with humans. However, communication between members of their own species can be more complex and unique. The researchers took advantage of living close to a cat cafe in Los Angeles, where coffee could be enjoyed in the company of dozens of socializing cats. After staying there for a year after the establishment closed, the scientists documented 192 minutes of interactions between 53 cats.

After analyzing the recordings, the researchers identified 276 unique combinations of facial muscle movements in cats, corresponding to various expressions. In 45 percent of cases, the facial expressions were associated with friendly communication between cats, while in 37 percent of cases they clearly indicated hostile intentions. The remaining 18 percent were characterized by scientists as expressions that fell between the two types.

The ancestors of domestic cats led a solitary lifestyle, but the process of their domestication led to an increase in the frequency of contacts between them. This may be why domestic cats have evolved the ability to demonstrate a variety of intentions using facial expressions that are predominantly positive, thereby facilitating the formation of social bonds.

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