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DNA-Based Programmable Computing Device

30.09.2023

Chinese scientists have achieved a significant breakthrough in the field of biological computing by creating a programmable computing device based on DNA. This important step brings us closer to creating a full-fledged DNA computer.

Integrated circuits that have been widely used in recent decades are mostly electronic and photonic circuits based on semiconductors. However, using genetic code for computation, known as rare earth circuits, is an entirely new strategy that can enable massive parallelism in the coding and execution of algorithms.

However, biological molecules typically diffuse and mix in liquids, making this strategy difficult to use for general computing.

Recent research has demonstrated a system incorporating multi-layer DNA programmable gate arrays (DPGAs) capable of solving quadratic equations.

Researchers from Shanghai University, led by Jiao Tong, created a device with three successive DPGA layers, each containing 30 logic gates and about 500 strands of DNA. These layers work in synchronization to control the random interactions of molecules.

The scientists noted that the use of single-stranded polymers consisting of a small number of nucleotides as homogeneous transmission signals allows the integration of large-scale integrated circuits with minimal loss and high accuracy for general computing.

According to the study, this device, equipped with an analog-to-digital converter, can be used to classify microDNA associated with various diseases.

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Giant molecular cells built 13.07.2017

Kevin Byrne and colleagues at Trinity College Dublin and the AMBER Research Center have created cages for molecules that can dramatically increase the efficiency of chemical reactions and could be used as sensors or drug delivery agents in the future.

A variety of molecules can be placed in molecular cells. A teaspoon of molecular cell powder has more internal surface area and capacity than a football field.

This huge internal surface area both helps to enhance the chemical activity of the substance and has a huge potential for energy conversion. The cellular structure of the cell allows you to put different molecules into it, separating them from each other. For example, a drug can be placed in one of the cells, and it will be delivered to the required organ, where a special molecule will start the process of its release.

"In fact, we have created a molecular sponge in which different molecules can be stored until they fall into the conditions necessary for their activation," explained chemistry professor Wolfgang Schmitt, who led the research team.

The scientists also hope to create a molecule that converts energy using only light, similar to the process of photosynthesis in plants.

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