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Secure quantum digital payments

14.07.2023

Scientists from the University of Vienna have presented a new technology that provides absolute security in digital payments. Using advanced cryptography techniques and the fundamental properties of quantum light, the researchers have created a system that provides high reliability and security in the online payment process.

To ensure the security of digital payments, classical cryptographic methods have been replaced with a quantum protocol using individual photons. During a digital transaction, encrypted messages are exchanged between the customer, the merchant and the payment provider, which are created by computing hash functions and guarantee the uniqueness of each purchase.

Researchers have developed a quantum protocol for data transfer, where specially prepared photons serve as cryptograms and are transmitted from the payment provider to the client.

During the payment process, the client measures these photons, while the measurement parameters depend on the details of each transaction. Since quantum states of light cannot be copied, a transaction can only be completed once. Any change in the intended payment will change the measurement results that are verified by the payment provider, making this digital payment completely secure.

The researchers successfully tested quantum digital payments within the city network using 641 meters of fiber optic links connecting two university buildings in the center of Vienna. "Currently, our protocol takes several minutes to complete a transaction via quantum communication," said Peter Skiansky, co-author of the study. The developers add that over time the technology will improve, which will significantly speed up the process of data exchange.

In the existing payment ecosystem, confidential customer data is replaced with random numbers, and the uniqueness of each transaction is ensured by classical cryptographic methods or codes. However, attackers with powerful computing resources can crack these codes and gain access to customers' personal data or make fraudulent payments on their behalf. The use of quantum digital payments solves this problem and provides a high level of protection in online transactions.

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