Replaceable batteries should become a European standard. Free Technical Library News

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Replaceable batteries should become a European standard

24.06.2023

The European Union plans to restore the use of replaceable batteries within the next five years.

The EU is aiming to bring back an old but almost forgotten feature that has all but disappeared from the modern smartphone industry. New rules for the return and replacement of batteries are proposed, which can be implemented by users themselves.

The European Parliament has approved a new regulation that covers the production, design and recycling of all batteries sold in the region. This rule affects not only electric vehicles, but also portable batteries for mobile devices such as smartphones and tablets.

Manufacturers will need to make design changes to allow users to remove and replace batteries themselves. This is in line with the ideas expressed in one of our previous reports on the return of removable batteries.

At the moment, replaceable batteries have been almost completely replaced by sealed battery packs, requiring special tools and knowledge to remove them.

Interestingly, this announcement follows an EU requirement to standardize the USB Type C connector, forcing Apple to adapt its future iPhones and other devices. This change aims to make it easier to recover and recycle old batteries, and to reduce overall waste.

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Molecular Knot Records 29.01.2024

American scientists accidentally tied the smallest and also the tightest knot in the world in a tiny structure consisting of only 54 atoms.

The researchers carried out chemical reactions to create small gold chains. However, one reaction went wrong, resulting in a chain that spontaneously tied itself into a trefoil knot. This knot resembles a pretzel, except that the loose ends are joined together.

Upon closer examination, it turned out that this unintentional knot actually set two world records. Since it contained only 54 atoms, it is the smallest knot ever recorded. Thus, it was possible to surpass the previous record holder of 69 atoms, created (on purpose) in 2020.

In addition, this new knot was also the tightest ever tied. This parameter is measured as the main chain crossing ratio (BCR), where lower numbers indicate tighter knots. The new knot achieved a BCR of 23. This is only one less than the previous tightest knot, which had a BCR of 24.

It should be noted that a whole branch of mathematics is devoted to knots, called knot theory. Studying them can help us explain things like why the universe is three-dimensional, or, more practically, how DNA and proteins naturally tie themselves into knots. In the latter case, scientists could learn to produce better drugs, chemicals and materials.

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