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Wood will trap carbon dioxide

20.02.2023

The modern world is focused on the fight against climate change, and in the scientific aspect, this fight reaches, at first glance, unexpected areas, such as the creation of building materials that absorb carbon dioxide emissions. Now scientists have invented a new way to produce wood that makes it stronger and captures CO2 from the air when used in construction.

Carbon dioxide is recognized as the main driver of climate change. Limiting carbon dioxide emissions associated with the production of structural materials such as steel, metal and cement is a way to address climate change indirectly. A direct approach is to reduce atmospheric carbon dioxide emissions by capturing it in structural materials.

Scientists at Rice University in Texas have used the natural properties of wood to increase its ability to capture carbon dioxide. The process involves injecting highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF) microparticles into the wood after the internal framework has been cleaned. This process is known as delignification.

Wood is made up of three main components: cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. Lignin is what gives wood its color, so when you remove the lignin, the wood becomes colorless.

Once the wood has been treated, it is ready for MOF placement. The MOF particles easily fit into and adhere to the cellulose channels. The MOFs then adsorb carbon dioxide.

MOF is not generally known for its stability in various environmental conditions. They tend to be vulnerable to moisture, which seems to be something to be avoided in construction materials.

However, in their study, the Rice University team found that the used MOF, developed by Professor George Shimizu and colleagues at the University of Calgary, outperforms others in terms of performance and versatility in different environments.

By testing the tensile strength of specialty wood, it was found to be stronger than regular untreated wood and more capable of withstanding environmental stressors such as bending. They also claim that the process used to produce wood is potentially scalable and energy efficient.

The construction and use of buildings account for more than 40% of human-made greenhouse gas emissions, so this discovery creates an opportunity for greener building alternatives. More sustainable and recoverable.

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