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Panic among mice

10.04.2004

When a fire breaks out in a theater or discotheque, it is not uncommon for people to rush to the only exit in a panic and crush each other.

Employees of the Philippine University modeled this situation on mice. Six dozen mice, enclosed in a container of water, tried to get to a dry surface through doors of different widths. The dimensions of the exit were changed in such a way that at first one mouse could slip into the slot, then two, three and four at the same time, the distance between the doors was also different. The number of mice in the cage remained unchanged - as soon as one slipped out, they planted another, so that the situation of panic was constantly maintained.

It turned out that the mice got out of the trap faster when only one individual could climb through the door: then the animals lined up. As soon as the gap was widened, they began to push and fight each other. As a result, they needed more time to get to a dry place.

In addition, when the doors were spaced too close to one another, the groups of mice mixed up, further slowing down the exit. The results of the experiment are consistent with the data of a computer program that simulates human behavior in a panic situation.

Filipino scientists hope that this will help architects in the design of buildings: fleeing, people will be forced to form a queue. However, most computer models of panicking crowds and experiments with animals do not correspond very well to real cases, since they cannot take into account the psychological aspects of human behavior: during the evacuation, many people show exceptional selflessness.

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