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A new method for searching for axions is proposed

26.09.2022

An international group of physicists has proposed a new laboratory method for detecting particle interactions. The search for axions, a hypothetical form of dark matter, has reached a new level, writes Alternative Science.

Physicists tested a new spin amplifier, by indirect indicators of which they determined the mass of the axion within the allowable "axion window" - from 0,01 to 1 meV. This bridged the gap between previous laboratory searches and astrophysical observations.

The new method for finding axions uses the following prediction about their behavior: when fermions (particles with half-integer spin) exchange axions, they should produce an exotic dipole-dipole interaction that could in principle be detected in the laboratory.

In the latest study, a team led by Xinhua Peng at the University of Science and Technology of China, along with the team of Dmitry Budker at the Helmholtz Institute, combined a large ensemble of polarized rubidium-87 (87Rb) atoms (a source of electron spins) with polarized nuclear spins of xeon-129 (129Xe) to search for evidence for this interaction.

Nuclear spins act as an amplifier for weak pseudo-magnetic fields that are generated by electrons exchanging axions. Experiments have shown that the spin amplifier affects external magnetic fields - more than 40 times.

This method allowed the researchers to limit the mass of the axion from 0,03 meV to 1 meV, which is in the range predicted by several theories, including high-temperature lattice QCD, the Standard Axion Higgs Portal Model (SMASH) model, and axion string networks.

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The implant will return a person to tactile sensations 30.07.2021

Numerous research groups around the world are developing various versions of the triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) capable of converting the mechanical energy of the environment into electricity. A group of scientists from the Department of Biomedical Engineering at Tel Aviv University has created a unique implant that can restore the sensitivity of any part of the human body.

During the experiment, the high efficiency of the technique was shown in restoring the tactile sensations of the patient's fingertips. The sensitivity of various parts of the human body is usually reduced as a result of nerve damage due to injuries, burns or bruises. Scientists implanted a TENG implant under the patient's skin, capable of generating an electrical charge in the process of rubbing two different dielectric materials against each other. This approach allows you to simulate the work of damaged human nerves.

The implant developed by Israeli scientists consists of two square-shaped plates placed one above the other with a minimum gap. In the process of touching the surface with the fingers, pressure is created and when the plates come into contact, an electric charge is generated that travels through the wires to healthy nerve endings, which transmit the signal further to the central nervous system. The implant does not require an additional power source.

The first trials of TENG were carried out on rats, whose hind legs were given tactile sensations, allowing animals with damaged nerves to regain their walking skills. Experiments with humans are planned in the near future.

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