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Rapid pulse speeds up time

06.09.2022

When the activity of the sympathetic nervous system increases, that is, the heartbeat accelerates, people feel that time flies faster. These conclusions were made by scientists from the University of Liverpool.

During the experiment, volunteers wore heart rate sensors and changes in the electrical conductivity of the skin - it is affected by the activity of the sweat glands.

People went about their normal business and each hour wrote down how fast or slow they thought the last 60 minutes had gone.

It turned out that when the sympathetic nervous system was more active, it seemed to the volunteers that time was running 10% faster. It's relatively small.

"Studies in general show that boredom, social isolation and stress are associated with a slowdown in the passage of time, and social satisfaction and low stress levels are associated with a faster one," the scientists said.

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A team of researchers from the ETH Zurich has created a device that converts excess glucose in human blood into electricity. It can be used to power pacemakers and more.

A group of researchers led by Martin Fussenegger from the Department of Biosystems Science and Engineering at the ETH Zurich in Basel has turned a seemingly futuristic idea into reality. They developed an implanted fuel cell that uses excess blood sugar (glucose) from tissues to generate electrical energy. The researchers combined the fuel cell with artificial beta foci developed by their group several years ago. They produce insulin at the touch of a button and effectively lower blood glucose levels by working like their natural counterpart in the pancreas.

Many people, especially in the industrialized Western countries, consume more carbohydrates than they need in their daily lives,” Fussenegger explains. This leads to obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The scientists decided to use this excessive metabolic energy to produce electricity for food biomedical devices.

The fuel cell is based on a copper-based nanoparticle anode that Fussenegger's team created specifically for this device. It consists of metal nanoparticles and breaks down glucose into gluconic acid and a proton to generate electricity that drives an electrical circuit.

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The electrical energy supplied by the element is sufficient not only for the operation of the device itself, but also for the implanted system to be able to interact with devices inside and outside the body. For example, it can be connected to a smartphone through a special application that provides communication with a doctor.

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