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Atomic television

30.08.2022

NIST scientists demonstrate the use of Rydberg-state rubidium atoms as receivers that can receive live video and even play video games. A stable radio signal is applied to a glass container filled with atoms in the Rydberg state. The modulated output is then fed to a TV, where an analog-to-digital converter converts the signal into a video graphics array format for display. This work is part of the NIST on a Chip program.

Researchers at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) have adapted their atomic radio to detect and display color television and video games.

Atom-based communication systems are of practical interest because they can be physically smaller and more tolerant of noisy environments than conventional electronics. The addition of video can improve radio systems, for example in remote locations or in emergencies.

The NIST receiver uses atoms prepared in high-energy Rydberg states, which are extremely sensitive to electromagnetic fields, including radio signals. These sensors also measure the signal strength associated with the International System of Units (SI).

Scientists use two different color lasers to produce gaseous rubidium atoms in Rydberg states in a glass container. The team had previously used a cesium atom setup to demonstrate a basic radio and a headphone device to increase sensitivity by a factor of XNUMX.

To prepare for video reception, a stable radio signal is applied to a glass container filled with atoms. The team can detect energy shifts in the Rydberg atoms modulating this reference signal. The modulated output is then fed to the TV. An analog-to-digital converter converts the signal to a video graphics array format for display.

For live video display or video game display, this input signal is sent from the camcorder to modulate the original reference signal, then applied to a horn antenna, directing the transmission to the atoms. The researchers use the original reference signal as a reference and compare it to the final video output detected through the atoms to evaluate the system.

The scientists studied the size of the laser beam, the power and the detection methods required by the atoms to produce standard definition video. The beam size affects the average residence time of atoms in the laser interaction zone. This time is inversely proportional to the receiver bandwidth; that is, less time and a smaller beam give more data. This is because the atoms move in and out of the interaction zone, so smaller areas result in a higher "update" signal and better resolution.

The researchers found that the small beam diameter (less than 100 micrometers) for both lasers resulted in much faster response and color perception. The system achieved data transfer speeds in the order of 100 megabits per second, which is considered excellent for video games and home Internet. Research is ongoing to increase system capacity and data rates.

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Artificial sun for Tyrol 17.02.2006

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The city of Rattenberg in the Austrian Tyrol was built in the Middle Ages near the Rat Mountain. Its founder was only interested in the fortification capabilities of the fortress, and the fact that a mountain 900 meters high hides the settlement from the sun for three winter months was not taken into account. Now this circumstance has turned out to be decisive for the life of the city: the inhabitants of Rattenberg are gradually leaving for places with a more hospitable climate.

Austrian engineers from Bartenbach LichtLabor decided to change the situation with the help of the European innovation support initiative EUREKA. They propose to install heliostats 400 meters from the city - giant mirrors on movable supports. These mirrors track the movement of the Sun and transmit its light to reflectors that will be mounted on the castle hill.

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