Diamond magnetic field sensor. Free Technical Library News

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Diamond magnetic field sensor

19.07.2022

A team of researchers led by the Fraunhofer Institute for Applied Solid State Physics has developed a laser-based diamond sensor. The technology uses quantum defects in diamond (NV centers) to detect the magnetic field.

The NV center or nitrogen-substituted vacancy is one of the many point defects in diamond. It is formed when the structure of the crystal lattice of the mineral is disturbed. When a carbon atom is removed from a lattice site, the resulting vacancy in this place is associated with a nitrogen atom. The researchers explain that the amount of light coming from the NV center varies depending on the strength of the magnetic field. This effect is already used by scientists, but in existing installations, most of this radiation is lost.

"Our breakthrough was the creation of a laser for defects. By collecting all the light, and not just a small amount of it, we can detect the magnetic field 10 times more accurately with our sensor compared to today's best practice," says Andrew Greentry, professor at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Institute and one of the authors of the study.

The pump laser (532 nm) and the seed laser (710 nm) are combined with a dichroic mirror (DM) and are focused separately into the resonator. The green laser is blocked by 532nm notch filters (NF). The sensors capture past light (det1), reflected light (det2) and photoluminescence (det3).

The new technology will help improve methods for measuring the magnetic field to map brain activity and identify disorders. Modern magnetoencephalography devices are very sensitive, but also bulky, expensive to install, and require operation at ultra-low temperatures with liquid helium.

Using a diamond laser sensor, it is possible to create compact devices that will operate at room temperature.

Available technology will help in the early detection of Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and other brain disorders. In addition, the device can be useful in the mining industry. For example, high-precision detection of magnetic fields will help to explore mineral deposits.

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