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New technology will increase the range of electric vehicles

16.03.2022

Scientists at the University of Central Florida have developed a composite material that expands the potential of lithium batteries for electric vehicles. The authors call their solution a "power suit" for batteries. With this technology, batteries in electric vehicles will be less prone to fire and increase the range of cars by at least 25%. For example, electric cars with a range of 320 km will be able to travel an additional 80 km, but their weight will not change.

The hybrid device is based on a new generation material with an energy storage function. To construct it, engineers created positively and negatively charged layers of carbon fiber. The latter were stacked in an alternating order - thus, the scientists assembled a durable energy-storing composite. In addition, the new material received strips of carbon graphene with several types of metal oxides. After a series of experiments, the scientists found the optimal composition and created a "supercapacitor battery".

Special sheets of graphene attached to layers of carbon fiber provided an increased ability for the material to store a charge. At the same time, metal oxides deposited on the attached electrodes increased the voltage and provided a high energy density. At the same time, the life cycle of the finished battery was not affected - the resource of charge-discharge cycles of their battery is 10 times longer than that of commercial batteries for electric vehicles.

Among the additional advantages of the invention, scientists have identified non-toxicity and incombustibility. Thanks to its construction, which uses multiple layers of carbon fiber, the material has the necessary toughness and strength to withstand a car crash. Even in the event of a serious accident, a new battery will only deform, but will not catch fire. The system also works as a supercapacitor, so it can increase the power of electric cars - for example, it will take just 0 seconds to accelerate from 100 to 3 km / h.

The characteristics of the new reinforced battery will depend on the type of basic design. However, scientists are already promising an additional 25% range for electric vehicles, as well as a significant reduction in the weight of batteries. The charging speed of electric cars will also be increased.

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Superhardness state obtained under experimental conditions 04.03.2017

When matter is cooled to absolute zero, interesting phenomena arise, such as superhardness, that is, when a solid body with the properties of a superfluid liquid is obtained. And now scientists have obtained this state for the first time in an experimental form.

Superhardness is one example of such a paradoxical state. In superhardness, the atoms are organized into a crystal lattice, and at the same time they behave like a superfluid when the particles move without any friction. So far, superhardness has been only a theoretical possibility.

A group of researchers from the Swiss Institute of Quantum Electronics has successfully reproduced the state of superhardness in reality.

The scientists injected a small amount of rubidium gas into a vacuum chamber and cooled it down to a temperature where the atoms condense into a state known as a Bose-Einstein condensate, i.e. to the quantum superfluid state.

The condensate was placed in a device with two intersecting optical resonance chambers, each of which consists of two opposite mirrors. After that, the condensate was illuminated with laser light, which is scattered in two chambers. The combination of two light fields in resonant chambers causes the atoms of the condensate to take on a crystal structure, while the condensate retains its superfluid properties, which is impossible in a normal solid state.

Thus, the state of superhardness was reproduced in the laboratory for the first time.

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