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Chimpanzees see other people's intentions

11.03.2022

We distinguish between offenses committed intentionally and those committed by negligence or, for example, due to circumstances, and we treat offenses by negligence (or by necessity) more mildly. Chimpanzees do the same.

German scientists experiment in which monkeys had to give a person a certain object, and in return receive a treat. The treat was of two kinds, better and worse. In some cases, the chimpanzee saw that a person has a choice of what to give them, and in some cases they saw that there is no choice, that a person gives only what he himself can take.

Chimpanzees, as it turned out, were quite capable of distinguishing people's own bad intentions from the force of circumstances. If the experimenter gave them a worse treat, although he could well have given something better, the monkeys simply spat at him. If the experimenter showed the chimpanzees that he simply could not give them something more tasty, they were completely understanding.

In another series of experiments, everything was more complicated: one person hid a tasty treat from another, which he could give to the monkeys. The chimpanzees saw everything, and the experimenter who was supposed to treat them behaved differently again: he either showed that he did not understand what was happening, or made it clear that he knew that more delicious food was hidden.

In both cases, the chimpanzees behaved as if they could not be treated to delicious food due to objective circumstances. Perhaps, for the monkeys, it was more important that the person did not see with his own eyes how the treat was hidden: if he did not see it, then he cannot know where it is, and you never know how he behaves.

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