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frozen light

08.03.2004

In 2001, two groups of scientists reported that they had succeeded in stopping the light. One under the direction of Mikhail Lukin, and the other - under the direction of Lene Howe.

Both groups slowed down the speed of light by passing it through gas atoms. Lukin used hot atoms of rubidium, Howe used supercooled sodium. Both groups reduced the speed of light to zero, but in doing so, all the photons were absorbed. The momentum could be regenerated because the energy of the photons was stored in the atoms. But when the pulse stopped, technically it contained no light at all.

Lukin and his colleagues Mikhail Baisky and Alexander Zibrov have now managed to stop light for a fraction of a millisecond with all their photons using a new method. But they believe that the light can be stopped for a longer time. This could be useful for use in telecommunications systems that send optical signals, or, even more fantastically, in quantum computers.

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Disposable endoscope 30.04.2011

A micro-camera the size of a grain of salt could revolutionize medical technology. Many people know how unpleasant it is to swallow the colon of an endoscope for gastric research. On the other hand, after each examination, it must be decontaminated, which takes time.

The technology invented by scientists from the Fraunhofer Institute for Reliability and Microintegration in Berlin allows us to solve two problems at once. With its help, the camera can be made miniature and so cheap that the endoscope becomes disposable.

The essence of technology is this. The microcamera consists of a lens, an array of optical sensors and an analyzer. Now the latter is connected to the sensor elements with optical fibers, which is why the endoscope turns out to be so thick. And they grow both the sensor, and the analyzer, and the lens by similar microelectronics methods, which make it possible to obtain many cheap microcircuits at a time. However, until recently, all three parts were made separately and then assembled.

German scientists managed to grow a lens, sensors and an analyzer in a single process. After that, it remains only to cut the substrate (and 28 thousand devices fit on it) into pieces and connect a thin electrical wire to the analyzer output. The endoscope is ready. At the same time, it gives a very clear image - a resolution of 62,5 kilopixels.

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