Artificial moon for experiments with gravity. Free Technical Library News

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Artificial moon for experiments with gravity

21.01.2022

Scientists from China have built a research center that will create a model of a low gravity environment using the effects of magnetism. The scientific laboratory, which is scheduled to open this year, will use powerful magnetic fields.

The design is a vacuum chamber with a diameter of 60 cm, in which gravity can be made to "disappear". This decision was inspired by an experiment in which magnets were used to make a frog levitate. According to geotechnical engineer Li Ruilin of the China University of Mines and Technology, the chamber will be filled with rocks and dust to simulate the lunar surface - it is "the first of its kind" in the world and can simulate reduced gravity conditions "for as long as it's necessary".

The scientists intend to use the center to test technologies in low gravity environments before they are sent to the Moon, where gravity is about 1/6 of Earth's. This will avoid technical problems in place, as well as to test whether some "certain structures" can exist on the lunar surface and indirectly assess the viability of a human settlement on the Earth's satellite. According to scientists, some experiments take seconds in the simulator, others - several days. In particular, we are talking about controlling the deformation of materials under the influence of constant temperatures and loads.

The inspiration for the work was the research of the physicist Andre Geim (Andre Geim, aka Andrei Konstantinovich Geim) from the University of Manchester in the UK, who received the Ig Nobel Prize in 2000 for developing an experiment thanks to which a frog was able to levitate under the influence of electromagnets. We add that in 2010 Geim received the Nobel Prize in Physics for the creation of a method for obtaining graphene.

In the case of the frog and the Chinese camera, the same "diamagnetic levitation" effect is used. Normally, extremely weak multidirectional magnetic fields of all atoms, whether we are talking about a drop of water or a frog, do not show any significant effects, but the application of an external magnetic field to objects allows us to achieve interesting results.

The tests in the vacuum chamber will be used in the preparation of the next stages of the Chang'e lunar exploration program, named after the ancient Chinese goddess of the moon. China has already successfully completed a number of missions under the lunar program and intends to build a research station at the satellite's south pole by 2029.

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