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Metabolism weakens in youth

19.08.2021

Metabolism largely determines how energetic we feel and how we behave - therefore, when we look at endlessly frolicking children and adolescents, it seems that their metabolism is at its peak. Then, as we grow older - as it seems to us, again - the metabolism begins to gradually decrease, decrease and decrease: at thirty it is no longer the same as at twenty, and at forty it is not the same as at thirty, etc. .

In fact, everything is somewhat different. Several dozen researchers from research centers in the US, Japan, the UK and other countries decided to compare the metabolic rate in people of different ages. The experiment involved 6421 people of twenty-nine different nationalities, ranging in age from eight-month-old babies to ninety-five-year-old elders.

They were given special water to drink, in which hydrogen and oxygen were in the form of stable isotopes with a higher atomic mass. Then these isotopes were measured in blood, urine and saliva during the day, and the measurements lasted a week. The body spent water for its needs, and the dynamics of isotopes could be used to judge the intensity of metabolism. Naturally, the metabolic rate was scaled according to body size and organ size; the results are published in an article in Science.

Metabolism slows down in old age. It turned out that he begins to slow down already by his youth. In a newborn, the metabolic rate is about the same as in the mother (again, adjusted for body size). But then the metabolism increases dramatically and reaches a peak between 9 and 15 months. The body of a one-year-old child burns 50% more calories than the body of an adult. Which is understandable: in childhood, the brain is formed, immunity is formed, everything is formed, and all this requires huge energy expenditures.

The metabolic rate remains extremely high until the age of five - and then begins to gradually decrease by 3% per year until about the age of twenty. And then the metabolism remains at the same level until the age of 60, after which it starts to go down again at a rate of 0,7% per year. After the age of 90, the body spends about 26% less energy than in middle age.

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