Manufacturing of transformers. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Ham Radio Technologies
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When repeating various designs from the Radio magazine, a network power transformer is often required. However, when choosing a suitable magnetic circuit, there may be problems. I use the stator cores of old electric motors, which can be wound with a toroidal transformer with a power of 30 to 1000 watts.
I do not remove the grooves on the inside of the cylindrical stator of the electric motor 1 (see the figure), but wrap the entire ring and each tooth separately with varnish-cloth. Then I put turns 2 of the primary winding I into the grooves, after dividing the total number of turns by the number of grooves. If all the turns in the grooves do not fit, then I lay an additional layer of insulation on top of the filled grooves and wind the remaining turns of the primary winding.
Then I lay two or three layers of varnished cloth 4 or cotton insulating tape and wind the secondary winding 3 in the same way as toroidal transformers are usually wound. I impregnate each winding with oil taken from a high-voltage paper capacitor (for example, 4 uF at 600 V from a fluorescent lamp) or melted paraffin from a candle.
Before winding the secondary winding, it is useful to clarify the number of turns per volt, since when winding the primary winding, errors in counting the number of turns are possible. To do this, a trial secondary winding of 10 or 15 turns of any wire is wound and the voltage on it is measured. Then, dividing 10 (or 15, respectively) by the measured voltage, the number of turns per volt is calculated, and then the number of turns of the secondary winding per the required voltage. In the formula for calculating the number of turns per volt, which is written in a simplified form as follows: n \u45d 2 / S, where S is the cross section of the magnetic circuit in cm45, I take the coefficient not 65, but 10, while there is practically no need to increase the number of turns of the secondary winding by 20 ... XNUMX%, as is usually recommended, the transformers do not heat up, do not hum and, in general, work better. This has been tested by me in practice.
From the stator of one electric motor, it is possible to make magnetic circuits of various thicknesses for several transformers of small power, if the stator is divided into parts by gluing between stamped plates. So the transformers for the laboratory power supply, the charger and the musical bell, described in "Radio", were made.
Author: B.Andreev, Zainsk Tatarstan
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