What is WiFi. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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What is WiFi?. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Data transfer

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What is a wireless local area network (WLAN)?

Network WiFi - a type of local area network (LAN) that uses high-frequency radio waves to communicate and transfer data between nodes, rather than cable connections. This is a flexible data transmission system that is used as an extension - or alternative - to a cable local network within the same building or within a certain area.

What are the benefits of using WLAN instead of wired LAN?

Productivity increase. The WLAN network provides room-free networking and Internet access. A WLAN allows users to move around a business or organization while remaining connected to the network.

Simple and fast construction of a local network. No need to pull and strengthen cables.

Installation flexibility. A wireless network can be built where cables cannot be extended; WLAN technology facilitates temporary network installation and relocation.

Reducing the cost of operation. Wireless networks reduce installation costs because no cable connections are required. The result is savings that are all the more significant the more often the environment changes.

Scalability. Network expansion and reconfiguration for WLAN is not a difficult task: user devices can be integrated into the network by installing wireless network adapters on them.
Compatibility. Various brands of compatible client and network devices will interoperate.

Is WLAN installation and administration difficult?

No. It is easier to build a wireless local area network than a cable one, but the administration of both types of networks is almost the same. The WLAN client solution is built on the Plug-and-Play principle, which assumes that computers are simply connected to a peer-to-peer network.

What is the communication range of WLAN devices?

RF range, especially indoors, depends on product specifications (including transmitter power), receiver design, noise immunity, and signal path. The interaction of radio waves with common building objects, such as walls, metal structures, and even people, can affect the range of the signal, and thus change the coverage of a particular system. Wireless networks use radio frequencies because indoor radio waves penetrate walls and ceilings. The range or coverage area of most WLAN systems is up to 160 m, depending on the number and type of obstacles encountered. With the help of additional access points, you can expand the coverage area, and thereby ensure freedom of movement.

Are WLANs reliable?

Yes, WLANs are extremely reliable. Since wireless technology is rooted in the defense industry, wireless security has been in place from the very beginning. This is why wireless networks are usually more reliable than cable networks. WLAN networks use Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technology, which is highly resistant to data corruption, interference, including deliberate, and detection.

In addition, all wireless network users are authenticated by the system ID, which prevents unauthorized access to data.

To transfer particularly sensitive data, users can use the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) mode, in which the signal is encrypted with an additional algorithm, and the data is controlled using an electronic key. Generally speaking, individual hosts must take their own security measures before being included in network traffic. In 802.11b WLAN networks, 40-bit and 128-bit encryption algorithms can be used along with user authentication to ensure higher network reliability. Interception of traffic, both intentional and unintentional, is almost impossible.

What is IEEE 802.11b?

IEEE 802.11b is a technical specification issued by the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE) that defines the operation of wireless local area networks operating in the 2,4 GHz band at 11 Mbps using the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum protocol.

What is the throughput of WLAN 802.11b?

802.11b WLAN networks operate at speeds up to 11 Mbps. For users, the speed of work is comparable to the speed of a cable network. Just like in a conventional network, the throughput of a WLAN network depends on its topology, load, distance from the access point, etc. As a rule, there is no noticeable difference in the performance of a wireless and cable network.

What is an access point?

The access point connects the cable and wireless networks and allows the latter's clients to access the resources of the cable network. Each access point expands the total processing power of the system. Users can move between access points without losing their connection to the network - just like when connecting to the network using a cell phone. In other words, an access point is a hardware and software device that acts as a hub for a wireless network client and provides a connection to a cable network.

How many users can one WLAN system support?

The number of users is practically unlimited. It can be increased by simply installing new access points. With overlapping access points tuned to different frequencies (channels), the wireless network can be expanded by increasing the number of users in the same area. Overlapping channels that will not create mutual interference, no more than three can be installed at the same time; these channels will triple the number of network users. Similarly, you can expand your wireless network by installing access points in different parts of the building. This increases the total number of users and enables them to move around the building or organization.

How many users can one access point support at the same time?

The number of users in this case depends, first of all, on traffic congestion. In a WLAN network, the bandwidth is divided between users in the same way as in a cable network. Based on the number of users, network performance also depends on the kind of tasks users perform.

Publication: cxem.net

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