Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV. Crossing and approaching overhead lines to each other

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Section 2. Sewerage of electricity

Overhead power lines with voltage above 1 kV. Crossing and approaching overhead lines to each other

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE)

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2.5.220. The intersection angle of the overhead line (VLZ) above 1 kV between themselves and with the overhead line (VLI) up to 1 kV is not standardized.

2.5.221. The intersection point should be chosen as close as possible to the support of the upper (crossing) overhead line (VLZ). The distances from the wires of the lower (crossed) overhead line to the supports of the upper (crossing) overhead lines horizontally and from the wires of the upper (crossing) overhead lines to the supports of the lower (intersected) overhead lines in the light must be at least those given in table. 2.5.23, as well as at least 1,5 m for VLZ and 0,5 m for VLI.

It is allowed to cross overhead lines and overhead lines with each other and with overhead lines (VLI) up to 1 kV on a common support.

Table 2.5.23. The smallest distance between wires and supports of intersecting overhead lines

VL voltage, kV	The smallest distance from the wires to the nearest part of the support, m
VL voltage, kV	at the largest deviation of the wires	with undeflected position of the wires
Until 330	3	6
500	4	10
750	6	15

2.5.222. Supports of 500-750 kV overhead lines, limiting the crossing span with 500-750 kV overhead lines, must be of the anchor type.

Intersections of 500-750 kV overhead lines with 330 kV overhead lines and below, as well as 330 kV overhead lines and below, are allowed to intersect in spans limited by both intermediate and anchor supports.

Single-column wooden supports of the crossing overhead line, limiting the crossing span, as a rule, should be with reinforced concrete attachments. It is allowed to use single-column wooden poles without attachments and, as an exception, elevated wooden poles with wooden attachments.

2.5.223. When crossing overhead lines 500-750 kV with overhead lines 6-20 kV and overhead lines (VLI) up to 1 kV, the supports of the crossed overhead lines that limit the crossing span must be of the anchor type, the wires of the crossed overhead lines in the crossing span should be:

steel-aluminum sectional area of at least 70 mm2 for aluminum - for 6-20 kV overhead lines;
steel-aluminum cross-sectional area for aluminum of at least 70 mm2 or from heat-strengthened aluminum alloy with a cross-sectional area of at least 70 mm2 - for 6-20 kV overhead lines;
aluminum with a cross-sectional area of at least 50 mm2 - for overhead lines up to 1 kV;
SIP bundle without a carrier neutral wire with a phase conductor cross-sectional area of at least 25 mm2 or with a carrier wire made of heat-treated aluminum alloy with a cross-sectional area of at least 50 mm2.

Wires in crossing spans must be fastened to supports using:

suspended glass insulators - for overhead lines (VLZ) 6-20 kV;
pin insulators with double fastening to them - for overhead lines up to 1 kV;
tension anchor clamps - for VLI.

2.5.224. On intermediate supports of a crossing overhead line with supporting garlands of insulators, the wires must be suspended in blind clamps, and on supports with pin insulators, a double wire fastening should be used.

On the intermediate supports of the existing 750 kV overhead line, limiting the crossing span with the newly constructed overhead lines up to 330 kV under it, as well as on the existing overhead lines up to 500 kV with a cross-sectional area of \u300b\u2bthe aluminum part of the wires of XNUMX mmXNUMX or more, when constructing other overhead lines under them, it is allowed to leave clamps with a limited sealing strength and drop-down clamps.

2.5.225. Wires of higher voltage overhead lines, as a rule, should be located above the wires of crossed overhead lines of lower voltage. It is allowed, as an exception, the passage of an overhead line of 35 kV and above with wires with a cross-sectional area of \u120b\u2bthe aluminum part of 220 mmXNUMX or more above the wires of an overhead line of higher voltage, but not higher than XNUMX kV *. At the same time, the passage of an overhead line of a lower voltage over the wires of a double-circuit overhead line of a higher voltage is not allowed.

* In cities and urban-type settlements, it is allowed to pass overhead lines or overhead lines with insulated wires with a voltage of up to 1 kV over overhead lines with a voltage of up to 20 kV.

2.5.226. The intersection of 35-500 kV overhead lines with double-circuit overhead lines of the same voltage, which serve to supply consumers without backup power, or with double-circuit overhead lines, the circuits of which are mutually redundant, should, as a rule, be carried out in different spans of the crossing overhead line, separated by an anchor support. The intersection of 750 kV overhead lines with such overhead lines is allowed to be carried out in one span, limited by both anchor and intermediate supports.

In sections of a cramped route, the intersection of overhead lines with wires with a cross-sectional area of \u120b\u2bthe aluminum part of XNUMX mmXNUMX or more with double-circuit overhead lines is allowed to be carried out in one span of the crossing overhead line, limited by intermediate supports. At the same time, double-circuit supporting garlands of insulators with separate fastening of the circuits to the support should be used on the supports that limit the crossing span.

2.5.227. The smallest distances between the nearest wires (or wires and cables) of intersecting overhead lines should be taken not less than those given in Table. 2.5.24 at air temperature plus 15 ºС without wind.

For intermediate span lengths, the respective distances are determined by linear interpolation.

The distance between the nearest wires of the crossing and crossing overhead lines of 6-20 kV, provided that at least one of them is made with protected wires, at a temperature of plus 15 ºС without wind should be at least 1,5 m.

The vertical distance between the nearest wires of the intersecting VLZ and the intersected VLI at an air temperature of plus 15 ºС without wind should be at least 1 m.

It is allowed to keep the supports of the crossed overhead lines up to 110 kV under the wires of the crossing overhead lines up to 500 kV, if the vertical distance from the wires of the crossing overhead line to the top of the support of the crossed overhead line is 4 m more than the values \u2.5.24b\uXNUMXbgiven in table. XNUMX.

It is allowed to keep the supports of the crossed overhead lines up to 150 kV under the wires of the crossing overhead lines of 750 kV, if the vertical distance from the wires of the overhead line of 750 kV to the top of the support of the crossed overhead line is at least 12 m at the highest air temperature.

Table 2.5.24. The smallest distance between wires or wires and cables of intersecting overhead lines on metal and reinforced concrete supports, as well as on wooden supports in the presence of lightning protection devices

Span length of the crossing overhead line, m	The smallest distance, m, at the distance from the intersection to the nearest overhead line support, m
Span length of the crossing overhead line, m	30	50	70	100	120	150
When crossing a 750 kV overhead line between each other and with a lower voltage overhead line
Until 200	6,5	6,5	6,5	7,0	-	-
300	6,5	6,5	7,0	7,5	8,0	8,5
450	6,5	7,0	7,5	8,0	8,5	9,0
500	7,0	7,5	8,0	8,5	9,0	9,5
When crossing 500-330 kV overhead lines with each other and with lower voltage overhead lines
Until 200	5,0	5,0	5,0	5,5	-	-
300	5,0	5,0	5,5	6,0	6,5	7,0
450	5,0	5,5	6,0	7,0	7,5	8,0
When crossing 220-150 kV overhead lines with each other and with lower voltage overhead lines
Until 200	4	4	4	4	-	-
300	4	4	4	4,5	5	5,5
450	4	4	5	6	6,5	7
When crossing 110-20 kV overhead lines with each other and with lower voltage overhead lines
Until 200	3	3	3	4	-	-
300	3	3	4	4,5	5	-
When crossing a 10 kV overhead line between each other and with a lower voltage overhead line
Until 100	2	2	-	-	-	-
150	2	2,5	2,5	-	-	-

2.5.228. The distances between the nearest wires (or between wires and cables) of intersecting overhead lines of 35 kV and above are subject to additional verification for the conditions of deflection of wires (cables) of one of the intersecting overhead lines in the crossing span at wind pressure in accordance with 2.5.56, directed perpendicular to the axis of the span of this overhead line, and the undeflected position of the wire (cable) is different. In this case, the distances between the wires and cables or wires must be at least those indicated in Table. 2.5.17 or 2.5.18 for the conditions of the highest operating voltage, the air temperature for non-deflected wires is taken from 2.5.51.

2.5.229. On overhead lines with wooden poles, not protected by cables, on supports that limit crossing spans, protective devices must be installed on both intersecting overhead lines. The distances between the wires of intersecting overhead lines must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.24.

On supports of overhead lines of 35 kV and below, when crossing them with overhead lines of 750 kV and below, it is allowed to use IP. At the same time, for 35 kV overhead lines, automatic reclosing should be provided. Spark gaps on single-column and A-shaped supports with wooden traverses are made in the form of one grounding slope and end with bandages at a distance of 75 cm (along the tree) from the attachment point of the lower insulator. On U- and AP-shaped supports, grounding slopes are laid along two supports up to the traverse.

On overhead lines with wooden poles not protected by cables, when crossing them with 750 kV overhead lines, metal parts for fastening wires (hooks, pins, heads) must be grounded on supports that limit the crossing span, and the number of suspension insulators in garlands must correspond to the insulation for metal supports. At the same time, protective devices must be installed on the supports of 35-220 kV overhead lines.

If the distance from the intersection to the nearest supports of intersecting overhead lines is more than 40 m, it is allowed not to install protective devices, and grounding of the wire attachment details on the supports of overhead lines of 35 kV and above is not required.

Installation of protective devices on the crossing supports is not required:

for overhead lines with metal and reinforced concrete supports;

for overhead lines with wooden supports at distances between wires of intersecting overhead lines, not less than: 9 m - at a voltage of 750 kV; 7 m - at a voltage of 330-500 kV; 6 m - at a voltage of 150-220 kV; 5 m - at a voltage of 35-110 kV; 4 m - at voltage up to 20 kV.

The resistance of grounding devices of wooden supports with protective devices should be taken in accordance with Table. 2.5.19.

2.5.230. With parallel following and convergence of overhead lines of one voltage between themselves or with overhead lines of other voltages, the horizontal distances must be at least those given in Table. 2.5.25 and be received by overhead lines of higher voltage. The specified distances are subject to additional verification:

1) not to exceed the neutral displacement of more than 15% of the phase voltage in normal operation of an overhead line up to 35 kV with an isolated neutral due to the electromagnetic and electrostatic influence of an overhead line of a higher voltage;

2) to exclude the possibility of development in the off position of 500-750 kV overhead lines equipped with compensating devices (shunt reactors, synchronous or thyristor static compensators, etc.), resonant overvoltages. The degree of compensation for the working capacitance of the line, the distance between the axes of the overhead line and the length of the approach sections should be determined by calculations.

Table 2.5.25. The smallest horizontal distance between overhead lines

Sections of overhead lines and distances	The smallest distance, m, at voltage VL, kV
Sections of overhead lines and distances	Until 20	35	110	150	220	330	500	750	VLZ
Sections of an unrestricted route, between the axes of overhead lines	Height of the highest support^*								3
Sections of a cramped route, approaches to substations:
between the extreme wires in an undeflected position;	2,5	4	5	6	7	10	15	20^**	2
from the rejected wires of one overhead line to the nearest parts of the supports of another overhead line	2	4	4	5	6	8	10	10	2

* At least 50 m for 500 kV overhead lines and at least 75 m for 750 kV overhead lines.

** For two or more 750 kV overhead lines, the phasing of adjacent extreme phases must be of opposite names.

See other articles Section Rules for the installation of electrical installations (PUE).

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