Charger for a current of 2,5 amperes. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Charger for a current of 2,5 amperes. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells

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Battery chargers are usually designed without conversion efficiency in mind, but in this case, the heat they dissipate can create problems. The device shown in the figure gives a charge current of up to 2,5 A with a conversion efficiency of up to 96%. Thus, when powered by a car battery, it is possible to charge batteries containing from one to six cells.

(click to enlarge)

IC1 is a pulse stabilized buck converter that works both with an external high-power electronic switch on transistor Q1 and with a synchronous rectifier. The circuit uses a voltage boost circuit to provide a floating positive voltage source, which is needed to drive the gate of transistor Q1. When the charge current flows across the 3 mΩ resistor R25, a voltage appears, which is amplified by the operational amplifier, and its positive polarity output signal is fed to the corresponding input of IC1 as a feedback voltage. With such feedback, the microcircuit stabilizes the charge current at the level of 2,5 A.

Simultaneously with the charge mode, the circuit can serve as a power source for a separate load, the parameters of which are determined by the resistor current sensor R1 and the current transformer T1, which increases the conversion efficiency of the circuit by reducing the power dissipated by the resistor R1. With the selected ratio of the number of turns (1:70) in the windings of the transformer T1, only 1/1 of the total current of the battery and additional load flows through the resistor R70. In this case, a feedback voltage appears on the resistor, which allows IC1 to limit the total current to a level that does not exceed the maximum allowable for external elements.

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