Discrete power controller. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Regulators of current, voltage, power
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This regulator can be used to change the power of incandescent devices: stove, soldering iron, iron, lamp, heating elements of room heaters. From the previously known controllers [1], the proposed thyristor-based power controller is simple and reliable. In addition, the thyristor does not emit interference, since its switching occurs when the mains voltage passes near zero. The principle of operation of the regulator is that the load is supplied with a half-cycle of mains voltage after a selected number of skipped half-cycles.
The schematic diagram of the regulator is shown in Figure 1. The diode bridge VD1 rectifies the mains voltage. Resistor R1 and zener diode VD2, together with filter capacitor C2, form a 9-10 V power supply to power the DD1 chip and the VT1 transistor. The rectified positive voltage half-cycles pass through the capacitor C1 and are stabilized by the zener diode VD3 at a level of 10 V. Thus, pulses with a frequency of 1 Hz are received at the counting input C of the DD100 microcircuit. If the SA1 switch is connected to pin 2 of the microcircuit, then a logic unit level will always be present on the basis of the transistor VT1.
Ris.1
This is because the chip reset pulse is so short that the chip has time to restart from the same pulse. Pin 3 will be set to logic 1. Thyristor VS1 will be open. All power will be allocated to the load. In all subsequent positions of the SA3 switch at pin 2 of the microcircuit, one pulse will pass through 9-XNUMX pulses.
With further switching, the microcircuit is not restarted from the same pulse for all instances of microcircuits. Although in most cases this happens. If we take into account that the K561IE8 chip is a decimal counter with a positional decoder at the output, then the logical unit level will periodically appear on all outputs from 0 to 9. However, if the switch is set to output 5 (pin 1), then the count will only occur up to 5. When the pulse passes output 5, the counter will be reset. The count will start from zero, and a logical one level will appear at pin 3 for the duration of one half-cycle. At this time, the transistor and thyristor open, one half-cycle passes into the load. This is clearly seen from the diagram shown in Figure 2.
Ris.2
If it is necessary to have even less load power, it is enough to put another meter chip by connecting pin 12 of the previous chip with pin 14 of the next one. By installing another switch, it will be possible to adjust the power up to 99 missed pulses. Those. you can get about a hundredth of the total power. It must be remembered that the power of the diode bridge must correspond to the power of the load. When working with the regulator, do not forget about safety precautions.
References:
- Biryukov S.A. Device on microchips - M: Solon-R, 2000.
Author: N.Zaets
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