Indicator of the charging process in the memory on the basis of a computer PSU. Scheme, description

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Indicator of the charging process in the memory on the basis of a computer PSU. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells

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The indicator allows you to track all stages of charging a car battery. Information is displayed by four LEDs of different colors.

In the articles of V. Andryushkevich [1] and [2], the method of converting computer power supplies (PSU) into a charger (RAM) was quite simply and clearly stated. But the charging process indicator, in my opinion, has some drawbacks. In the proposed indicator, the scheme of which is based on the combination of the corresponding nodes from [1] and [2] and is shown in fig. 1 have been eliminated. The node for indicating the achievement of the maximum charging voltage is made on the op-amp DA1.2. Due to the large gain, it works almost like a comparator.

The threshold turn-on voltage is 14,7 V, it is set with a trimming resistor R4. The reference voltage of +5 V is taken directly from pin 14 (UREF) of the TL494CN PSU chip. When the maximum voltage is reached at the output terminals of the charger, the HL1 LED (green) turns on and shines until the charger is turned off, indicating that the charging voltage has reached its maximum value, and the process of reducing the charging current is underway.

Indicator of the charging process in the memory on the basis of a computer PSU
Rice. 1. Scheme of the proposed indicator

Scheme of nodes on the OS DA1. 1 and comparator DA2 is similar to that shown in fig. 2 in [2]. There is also a method for setting them up. The values of the resistors R38, R39 [2] are reduced to reduce interference from the PSU voltage converters, and the indicator is powered directly from the output of the memory. This ensures automatic extinguishing of all LEDs HL1-HL4 in the presence of a short circuit at the output.

Indicator of the charging process in the memory on the basis of a computer PSU
Rice. 2. Printed circuit board and elements on it

At the beginning of the charging process at the rated current, which I have set to 6 A, the red HL2 LED lights up. When the maximum charging voltage is reached, the HL1 LED lights up. When the charging current drops to 3 ... 4 A (set by a trimming resistor R3), the HL2 LED goes out and HL3 turns yellow. When the charging current becomes less than 0,5 ... 1 A (set by a trimming resistor R10), HL3 will go out and the blinking green LED HL4 will turn on, indicating the completion of charging. Such an indication algorithm gives visual control of all its stages.

The memory itself was assembled on the basis of an outdated, but once quite common computer PSU model PM-230W [3] from KME. The design of the indicator printed circuit board is adapted for this and similar PSUs. However, nothing prevents you from installing it on other PSUs. Just connecting the indicator to the PSU will have to be done with five additional pieces of flexible wires in isolation. On the printed circuit board of the indicator, these connections are routed for soldering onto a standard nine-pin angle connector installed on the main PSU board of the specified model. Prior to revision, the module of the start-up block by the "Power On" signal was attached to it [3].

All elements, except for the HL1-HL4 LEDs, are placed on a printed circuit board, the drawing of which and the location of the elements on it are shown in fig. 2. The LEDs are fixed in the holes on the front wall of the memory case. When reworking the PSU, of course, all its extra elements are dismantled. Chips LM358N and LM393N are often used in the launch node. After dismantling, they can be used in the indicator.

Fixed resistors C2-23, MLT, tuning resistors from the SH-625MC, PV-32, CA9H2.5, 3362S series are used. If the PSU of the PM-230 series is to be reworked, the launcher board is unsoldered from the nine-pin pin connector, and the indicator board is installed in its place in the released pins and the contact pads are soldered. The contact pads for terminals 7 and 8, 9 on the PSU board are connected with short wires, respectively, to the current sensor (R24 in Fig. 1 in [1]) and the +13,9 V line. If the soft (slow) start circuit is installed on the main board, as, for example, R5C11 in [1], the indicator elements R12 and C4 are not set. The charger with the cover removed and the built-in indicator is shown in fig. 3.

Indicator of the charging process in the memory on the basis of a computer PSU
Rice. 3. Charger with cover removed and built-in indicator

PCB drawings in Sprint LayOut 5.0 format and charger diagram based on PSU PM-230W in GIF format can be downloaded from ftp://ftp.radio.ru/pub/2016/11/zar.zip.

Literature

Andryushkevich V. Alteration of a computer power supply into a laboratory and charger. - Radio, 2012, No. 3, p. 22-24.
Andryushkevich V. Alteration of a computer power supply into a charger. - Radio, 2013, No. 9, p. 26, 27.
PM-230W. - URL: electro-tech.narod.ru/schematics/power/comp/atx/kme_pm-230.gif.

Author: S. Glibin

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