Minimum battery level indicator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Chargers, batteries, galvanic cells

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During the operation of the car, rarely does anyone pay attention to the level of battery charge. Of course, until then. until thoroughly "baked", i.e. (most often in winter) when the starter is unable to spin the engine.

It is most convenient to have a pointer or LED voltmeter with an extended scale on the dashboard, which would allow you to determine the battery charge before each start. The voltage on it before starting should be 12,2 ... 12,5 V, and if 11,5 V and below, then the alarm should be sounded. There may be several options for action: put the battery on recharging, top up the boiled-off electrolyte (distilled water), tighten the fastenings of the battery conductors, having previously cleaned them of oxides, etc.

However, the installation of a voltmeter will require refinement of the dashboard, and the wires to it are not so easy to drag through from under the hood. You can mount a voltmeter under the hood right next to the battery, but then you will have to open the hood every time before the trip, which is clearly inconvenient.

The proposed device signals the driver about the critical level of battery charge.

In [1], a sound indicator was published, which not only signaled the inclusion of "turn signals", but also indicated the on state of the headlights when the ignition was turned off. This device is an addition to this sound indicator. When the battery charge level drops below the critical level (11,5 V), a loud beep will warn about this.

The indicator is assembled on a K554SAZ comparator, which has two outputs: an open collector and an emitter

The load can be connected to a common wire, positive or negative power rails.

Chips are available in 201.14-1 (DIP-T4) packages. The main parameters of the comparator are given in the table.

The positive output of this indicator is connected to the power bus after the ignition switch. Under the hood, the connection point will help you find a control light, an LED with a quenching resistor, or a voltmeter. Closing and opening the contacts in the ignition lock, they “call out” the necessary circuit.

The device works as follows. When the ignition is turned on and the voltage in the car's on-board network is higher than 11,5 V, the zener diode VD1 "breaks through", and a voltage greater than 4 mV appears at the inverting input (pin 1) of the DA100 microcircuit. The comparator output is set to a low level, relay K1 is activated, and its contacts K1.1 open.

When the voltage in the on-board network is less than 11,5 V, the zener diode VD1 is closed, the comparator is in a state where its output is high. The relay does not work, and through its normally closed contacts, the supply voltage is supplied to the car's regular sound signal.

The indicator is set up at home and comes down to setting the resistor R1 at a supply voltage of 11,5 V to the voltage at pin 4 of DA1 80 ... 90 mV. The relay should work. The finished structure is placed in a suitable housing and placed under the hood, closer to the sound signal.

Literature

1. A.Partin. Headlight indicator. - Radiomir, 2004, No. 3, p.25.

Author: Ya.Partin, Yekaterinburg

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