The use of a heat pump in the Poniatowski power plant. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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The seas surrounded by hot deserts have the highest water temperature. For example, in the Red Sea the water is heated up to +34°С. The absolute champion of warm waters is the Persian Gulf (+35,6°C), it is a natural solar battery of gigantic size and power. In Ukraine, water in estuaries and shallow areas of the Black Sea warms up to + 28 ° C in summer, and in Azov - up to 30 ° C. This is less than in the Persian Gulf, but still more than, for example, in the Baltic Sea.

Using the steam engine proposed in [1], it is possible to obtain electrical energy from the seas, but the self-sufficiency of such a power plant will be less than the self-sufficiency of a heat pump (HP). HP allows you to get more energy from sea water than a conventional obsolete steam plant. What is the difference between a HP and an old type steam engine? First of all, HP is more versatile than a typical steam engine. It can operate at temperatures much lower than the temperature of the furnaces of modern thermal power plants and thermal power plants. HP can work as a heat and cooler, as well as a new type of heat engine. For HP, one heat exchange circuit is sufficient, and not two, as in a steam engine.

With the introduction of expander HP in the life of people, scientists pin great hopes. After all, the introduction of water and wind engines meant the transition from slavery to feudalism, and Watt's universal engine made possible a rapid transition from feudalism to capitalism. Thus, TN contributes to the further liberation of a person, in which big capital is not at all interested. That is why the oligarchs, together with corrupt scientists, issued a whole string of laws prohibiting the use of free energy from the Sun. One of such laws was already reminded to the readers of "Elektrik" [2], although in [3] the author said that the ban on the conservation of energy is nothing but a historical curiosity, something like a geocentric system in astronomy.

What will Poniatowski's power plant look like, converted into HP? First you need to deploy its entire colossus (larger than the Ostankino tower!) To a horizontal position and place it along the coast or sandy spit. So we will increase the efficiency of the power plant by several orders of magnitude. After working in the turbine, the refrigerant passes into a liquid state. By pumping the refrigerant into the heat-receiving circuit, we obtain an increase in volume due to evaporation, the transition of the liquid into a gaseous state.

Figure 1 shows a section of a turbo-expander, consisting of a gas engine (D) and a rotorless pump (H), operating on the principle of a centrifugal pump due to the rapid rotation of the liquid refrigerant jet. I must say that the frequency of rotation of this jet reaches ten and even hundreds of thousands of revolutions per minute! Such units for Russian HP are manufactured in Ukraine.

For example, a turbine expander with a capacity of 2500 kW for the Russian joint-stock company Kriokor was manufactured by the Nikolaev NPO Mashproekt, and turbo expanders for the Moscow CHP-21 were created at the Krivoy Rog plant Energia [4].

Even Hegel wrote that public opinion is a complete collection of all the prejudices of its time. Today, many typical misconceptions have been accumulated that prevent rediscovering TN. For example, it is believed that the forerunner of HP, a steam engine, is worse than an oil-fuel internal combustion engine. In [1] it is written: "...steam engines reached the pinnacle of their development by the end of the 50th century. Then internal combustion engines appeared, the power density on the piston surface of which was even an order of magnitude higher." Is not it? Compare the traction power of a steam locomotive and a diesel locomotive of the XNUMXs. XX century and the total volume of their cylinders. For a unit of power, a steam locomotive has not more, but a smaller volume of cylinders!

The inventor of the best oil-fuel internal combustion engine, Rudolf Diesel, was shocked when the medal of the association of German engineers was awarded not to him at all, but to the Frenchman Laval and the Englishman Parsons. The efficiency of their turbine steam engine exceeded the efficiency of the best diesel engine by at least 2 times! According to the author, only another oil-fuel internal combustion engine, for example, a carburetor or two-stroke, can be worse than an oil-fuel internal combustion engine.

As a working fluid for a marine power plant, S.A. Poniatowski suggests using ammonia. Academician E.O. Paton suggested using helium, it is safer than ammonia. It is undesirable to turn off the load of the generator of the Poniatowski power plant, since the process of work, according to the law of conservation of energy (and the practice of cryotechnologists who advised the author of this article), will immediately stop. You will have to bleed the superheated refrigerant into the atmosphere so that the pipe does not burst.

The start of the HP (Fig. 2) is carried out by the starting pump (H), which is connected through a system of valves in front of the turbine. After the HP enters the operating mode, the position of the valves changes to the opposite, and the gas moves directly to the turbine (dashed line). In principle, an internal combustion engine boost turbine can work as a turboexpander, but the author was unable to test this idea.

The work of a turboexpander is a man-made tornado, more precisely, its miniature copy, like an electric spark. In wildlife, the principle of the endothermic pump is used by cold-blooded animals, such as frogs, and all plants. In chemistry, endothermy is observed in evaporation, decrystallization, and all endothermic reactions. In the Cosmos, the process of formation of new stars and galaxies also demonstrates the work of a giant unframed HP.

Summing up, we can say that TN is the victory of the law of conservation of energy over all "by-laws" invented by commerce.

References:

1. Fominsky L.P. Marine thermal power plant Poniatowski//Electrician. - 2005. -№!.- S.22-23.
2. Goreiko N.P. An inexhaustible source of cheese - mousetraps / electrician. -2004. - No. 1. - P.20.
3. Bearded Yu. Traditional hydraulic motors instead of existing ones // Electrician. - 2001. - No. 3. - S. 19.
4. Bearded Yu. Heat pump//Designer. -2001. No. 2. - S. 15.

Author: Y. Bearded

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