Power supply with quenching capacitor, 220/3 volts 0,5 amperes. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Power supply with quenching capacitor, 220/3 volts 0,5 amperes. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Power Supplies

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The use of capacitors to reduce the voltage supplied to the load from the lighting network has a long history. In the 50s, radio amateurs widely used capacitors in transformerless power supplies for radio receivers, which were connected in series in the filament circuit of radio tubes. This made it possible to eliminate the quenching resistor, which is a source of heat and heating of the entire structure. Recently, there has been a noticeable return of interest in power supplies with a quenching capacitor.

The disadvantage inherent in all such devices without exception - increased danger due to the galvanic connection of the output with the electrical network - is clearly recognized, but allowed based on the literacy and accuracy of the user. However, these deterrents are not sufficient to keep out of trouble, which is why transformerless devices can have only very limited use.

Here, a compromise version of the source that ensures electrical safety, with a quenching capacitor and a simple transformer accessible to a novice radio amateur, may be of interest. Such a transformer will be obtained if the voltage on its primary winding is limited to a value of about 30 V.

For this, 600...650 turns of relatively thick wire, convenient for winding, are enough; For the sake of simplicity, you can use the same wire for both windings. The excess voltage here will be absorbed by a capacitor connected in series with the primary winding (the capacitor must be designed for a rated voltage of at least 400 V). According to this principle, it is advisable to organize power supply to low-voltage loads with a current in the primary circuit (taking into account a small transformation ratio) of up to 0,5 A.

In Fig. Figure 6.1 shows a diagram of such a device suitable for powering an audio player.

Power supply with quenching capacitor, 220/3 volts 0,5 amperes

The transformer can be assembled on a magnetic core. W12x15. PEV-1 wire with a diameter of 0,16 mm is suitable for winding; the number of turns of the primary and secondary windings is 600 and 120...140, respectively. It will be possible to make such a transformer, as they say, “on the knee.” An electrical strength of at least 2 kV will be ensured by an insulating gasket between the windings made of 0,1 mm thick Mylar film or capacitor paper.

To ensure that the device does not fail when the load is disconnected, a zener diode should be connected to the output of the bridge VD1...VD4. D815G. In normal mode, it does not work, since it has a minimum stabilization voltage higher than the operating voltage at the bridge output. Fuse FU1 protects the transformer and stabilizer in case of breakdown of capacitor C1.

To limit the current when connecting the power supply to the network in series with capacitor C1, it is necessary to include a resistor with a resistance of several hundred ohms, and to discharge the capacitor after disconnection, a resistor with a resistance of several hundred kiloohms must be connected in parallel with it.

In a circuit of series-connected capacitive (capacitor C1) and inductive (transformer T1) resistance, voltage resonance may occur. This should be kept in mind when designing and setting up such power sources.

Author: Semyan A.P.

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