Electronic dust collector. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby
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Usually, complex and bulky mechanical filters with low productivity are used to clean the air from dust. It is possible to noticeably increase productivity and reduce the size of air cleaning plants by using an electronic dust collector.
The principle of operation of such a dust collector is that polluted air passes through a metal pipe 1, inside which two wire meshes 2 and 3 are installed, which play the role of a filter (Fig. 1). Grid 2 is isolated from the box and is in relation to it under a constant positive voltage of 5,2 kV. Grid 3 has reliable electrical contact with the box (grounded). Dust particles, passing through the first grid, acquire a strong electric charge, which causes them to settle on the grid of the second filter, which has a negative potential relative to the first grid.
Ris.1
An additional mechanical filter 4 is installed between the first and second filters to remove large particles. The clean air, cleaned of dust, exits from the opposite opening of the pipe, and the dust is deposited at the bottom, near the second filter.
The device of the electronic dust collector is simple, but requires a constant voltage source of 5,2 kV. It can be assembled according to the proposed scheme (see Fig. 2). It is a mains voltage rectifier, consisting of a step-up transformer Tr1 and a rectifier with voltage doubling on diodes D1, D2 and capacitors C2, C3. Limiting the output current to a safe value for humans of 5 mA is carried out using current-limiting resistors R1-R3, as well as additional winding III, transformer Tr1, (together with capacitor C1 it forms a ferroresonant stabilizing circuit). Its action boils down to the fact that if the rectified current exceeds more than 5 mA, the voltage at the terminals of the winding II decreases.
Ris.2
The neon lamp L1 in this device plays the role of a signaling device for the magnitude of the rectified voltage. It is connected in parallel with the resistor R1. Its resistance is chosen in such a way that with a rectified voltage of 5,2 kV, the voltage drop across the resistor R1 is about 100 V, that is, sufficient to ignite a neon lamp. As dust accumulates on the second grid, the current consumption increases, which leads to a decrease in the output voltage. Lamp L1 goes out, indicating that the dust collector requires cleaning. The device can only be cleaned after turning off the power.
The rectifier of the dust collector uses silicon diode pillars and high-voltage capacitors used in TVs. Transformer Tr1, in order to increase its electrical strength, is filled with epoxy resin. As diodes D1 and Yes, silicon high-voltage rectifier poles D1006-D1008 can be used.
Literature
- "Radio Electronics", 1971, July
Publication: N. Bolshakov, rf.atnn.ru
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