Economical infrared generator. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / infrared technology
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The emitter of the IR sensor, which reacts to the interruption of the beam, is often referred from the photodetector to 10 ... 20 m or more. Its placement, which meets the requirements of security equipment (hidden position, protection from bad weather, intentional damage, blocking, etc.), will be significantly simplified if it is made as a stand-alone unit. The most important parameter of such a radiator will obviously be its ability to use the energy reserves of the power source built into it as efficiently as possible.
A schematic diagram of an energy-efficient IR generator that generates sufficiently powerful IR pulses is shown in fig. 32.
Its mode of operation is set by a multivibrator made on a DD1 microcircuit, in the drains of transistors of which resistors R1 and R3 are introduced, which repeatedly reduce the through currents of the transient mode. Multivibrator frequency - F@1/2 R2 C1@40 Hz. The duration of the current pulse that excites the IR diode BL1 depends on the parameters of the differentiating circuit R4C3: timp@R4 C3@10 µs. The shaper DD2.3 ... DD2.6 converts the pulse arriving at its input with a prolonged decline into a "rectangular" one, which opens the normally closed transistor VT1 for this time to saturation.
The supply voltage of the microcircuits depends on the value of the resistor R7; with possible changes in Upit, it should remain within + (3 ... 5) V.
Rice. 32. Economical IR pulse generator (click to enlarge)
Rice. 33. PCB IR generator
Rice. 34. IR generator layout
Table 6
| Upit,B |
Iimp,A |
Ipot, mA |
| 4,3 |
0,36 |
0,15 |
| 5 |
0,46 |
0,22 |
| 6 |
0,64 |
0,31 |
| 7 |
0,85 |
0,43 |
| 8 |
1,05 |
0,53 |
| 9 |
1,1.8 |
0,64 |
| 10 |
1,36 |
0,75 |
The generator is mounted on a double-sided printed circuit board measuring 17,5x55x1,2 mm (Fig. 33). The foil under the parts is used only as a zero bus-"ground" (the "-" of the power source is connected to it), in the places where the conductors pass, it has samples - circles with a diameter of 1,5 ... 2 mm (not shown in the figure). The conclusions of the parts connected to the "ground" are soldered directly to the null foil (shown in blackened squares).
Transistor VT1 is installed parallel to the board, its leads are bent at right angles, the distance between it and the board is 4...5 mm.
The general layout of the emitter is shown in fig. 34. Placed in a nest with a section of 45x18 mm and a depth of 57 ... 60 mm, cut into the wall of the house, in the pillar of the veranda, in the porch railing, in a dried tree, etc., the emitter is masked with a sticker of a suitable color and texture. If it is opaque for IR rays, a small hole is made in it, according to the diameter of the IR diode. The battery should be placed at the bottom. This will avoid damage to the emitter in case of depressurization.
Table 6 shows the dependences of Iimp - the amplitude of the current in the IR diode and Icon - the current consumed by the generator from the power source, from Upit - the voltage of the power source. The frequency F and the duration tpulse remain virtually unchanged.
Current efficiency of IR emitter h\u0,82d Iimp timp F / Ipot \u0,87d 2 ... 3. With the "Korund" battery, it will be able to work continuously for 7 ... 25 months. And with the Nika battery, 0.5D-OD9, etc., recharged by a solar battery (BS-1.1-1P, BSM-UXNUMX, Elektronika MXNUMX, etc.), in not too bad weather conditions - without time limit.
Publication: cxem.net
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