Electric fence high-voltage pulse generator for livestock. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Home, household, hobby
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The use of an electric fence (electroshepherd) allows you to graze more animals and protect gardens and vegetable gardens from intrusion.
The proposed high-voltage pulse generator, the circuit diagram of which is shown in the figure, provides pulses with a duration of 0,01 ... 0,015 s (60-70 pulses per minute) and a voltage relative to the ground of 6-7 kV.
(click to enlarge)
Since the output resistance of the generator is high, when the animal touches the fence, the output voltage decreases from 6-7 kV to 10-15 V, which is safe for the animal. The pulse generator includes a burglar alarm. It is triggered in the absence of high voltage pulses on the fence, a wire break or a fall of racks and wire to the ground, vegetation on the wire of the fence. An alarm is especially needed at night to protect livestock.
The high-voltage pulse generator is a converter of low-voltage direct voltage into a pulsed high-voltage one. It contains two series-connected voltage converters. The first of them is an asymmetric multivibrator based on transistors VT1 and VT2. The load of the transistor VT2 is the primary winding of the step-up transformer T1. From its secondary winding, a sequence of short pulses with an amplitude of 150 V is supplied to the second converter. It is assembled according to the scheme of a thyristor pulse generator.
The output pulses from the secondary winding T1, after being rectified by the diodes VD2 and VD3, charge the storage capacitor C3. When the voltage on C3 reaches the turn-on voltage of the dynistor VS2, VS1 opens, and the capacitor C3 is discharged to the primary winding of the transformer T2. A discharge current pulse through the primary winding causes a high-voltage pulse to appear on the secondary winding. After the end of the discharge of the capacitor C3, the thyristor VS1 closes, and the capacitor is charged again. The pulse repetition frequency of the multivibrator is tens of kilohertz, and the frequency of the pulses applied to the fence wire is from one to several hertz. The frequency of the multivibrator pulses fed to the thyristor pulse generator is regulated. This allows you to get powerful high-voltage pulses from a low-power generator powered by a 12 V source.
Details. Transformer T1 is made on an armored ferrite core with a diameter of 30 mm, the I winding contains 35 turns of PEV-2 0,45 mm, the II winding - 800 turns of PEL 0,16 mm. The cups of the magnetic circuit with a gap of 0,2 mm are tightened with a screw and a nut. Industrial chokes can be used as a transformer, for example, D30-0,16 and D3 ... D16, having two windings. Transformer T2 - line from TVS110GTS15 TV or ignition coil from cars. Relay K1 type RES-9 passport RS4.524.203, loudspeaker VA1-5 type GDSh-10-8 or any other with a voice coil resistance of 8 ohms.
A properly assembled high-voltage pulse generator practically does not need adjustment. The operation of the generator is checked carefully by bringing the hand to the wire connected to terminal X1. At a distance of 10 mm, a spark should flash with a dry crackle of the discharge, and a slight tingling sensation will be felt. Animals are energized at a distance of 3-4 mm from the wire. The electric fence requires a good earth connection, which is connected to terminal X3.
Literature
- Negaev I. New possibilities of microcircuit voltage stabilizers//Radio. - 2000. - N 12. - S. 50.
Author: V.F. Yakovlev, Shostka
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