And charge, and weld. Scheme, description

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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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And charge, and weld. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / welding equipment

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The design of a convenient and reliable DC regulator is proposed. Its voltage range is from 0 to 0,86 U2, which allows this valuable device to be used for various purposes. For example, for charging high-capacity batteries, powering electric heating elements, and, most importantly, for welding with both a conventional electrode and stainless steel, with smooth current adjustment.

Rice. 1. Schematic diagram of the DC regulator (click to enlarge)

And charge and weld
Rice. 2. A graph explaining the operation of a power unit made according to a single-phase asymmetric bridge circuit (U2 - voltage coming from the secondary winding of the welding transformer, alpha - thyristor opening phase, t - time)

The regulator can be connected to any welding transformer with secondary winding voltage U2=50...90V. The proposed design is very compact. The overall dimensions do not exceed the dimensions of a conventional unregulated "bridge" type rectifier for DC welding. The regulator circuit consists of two blocks: control A and power B. Moreover, the first is nothing more than a phase-pulse generator. It is made on the basis of an analogue of a unijunction transistor, assembled from two semiconductor devices of npn and pnp types. With the help of a variable resistor R2, the direct current of the structure is regulated. Depending on the position of the slider R2, the capacitor C1 is charged here up to 6,9 V at different rates. When this voltage is exceeded, the transistors open sharply. And C1 begins to discharge through them and the winding of the pulse transformer T1. The thyristor, to the anode of which a positive half-wave approaches (the impulse is transmitted through the secondary windings), opens at the same time.

As a pulse, you can use industrial three-winding TI-3, TI-4, TI-5 with a transformation ratio of 1:1:1. And not only these types. For example, good results are obtained by using two two-winding transformers TI-1 with a series connection of the primary windings. Moreover, all the named types of TI allow isolating the pulse generator from the control electrodes of thyristors.

There is only one "but". The power of pulses in the secondary windings of the TI is insufficient to turn on the corresponding thyristors in the second (see diagram), power unit B. An elementary way out of this "conflict" situation was found. To turn on the powerful ones, low-power thyristors with high sensitivity to the control electrode were used.

The power unit B is made according to a single-phase asymmetric bridge circuit. That is, thyristors work here in one phase. And the shoulders on VD6 and VD7 during welding work like a buffer diode.

Installation? It can also be mounted mounted, based directly on a pulse transformer and other relatively "large-sized" circuit elements. Moreover, the radio components connected to this design, as they say, are at least-minimorum.

The device starts working immediately, without any adjustments.

Get one for yourself - you won't regret it.

Author: A.Chernov, Saratov

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Comments on the article:

Alexander
Great scheme, works very well. Collected for a long time 4 pieces and now in the work. If you can write at the moment, I'm collecting it does not work, but I'm trying without thyristors. I remember that he should itch when changing the regulator louder and quieter, but this is not. Ring 2000 nm 100 vit. 0.3 wire. But it works, I have not seen a class like this.

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