Plan of electrical wiring in a residential building and outbuildings. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Electrician

Plan of electrical wiring in a residential building and outbuildings. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

Free technical library

Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electric power supply

Comments on the article

As an example, consider the wiring plan of a single-family residential building, which shows the wiring and fixtures connected to it, sockets, switches and other electrical equipment (Fig. 4).

Plan of electrical wiring in a residential building and outbuildings
Rice. 4. Wiring plan of a single-apartment residential building: I- porch; II - vestibule; III - bathroom; IV - laundry room; V - hallway; VI - living room; VII - kitchen; VIII - pantry; IX - veranda; 1 - power box; 2 - apartment shield; 3 - one- or two-lamp lamp; 4 - socket outlet with protective contact; 5 - single-pole hermetic switch; 6 - socket without protective contact; 7 - police lamp; 8 - push-button switch (button) for a call; 9 - call; 10 - single-pole switch; 11 - double switch; 12 - multi-lamp lamp with separate switching on of lamps; 13 - socket with a switch Let's consider the features of the circuit fragments, which show the connections in detail (Fig. 5).

Plan of electrical wiring in a residential building and outbuildings
Rice. 5. Connection nodes in junction boxes: 14 - box; 15 - connection of conductors; F-phase; 0 - zero; 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 10-12 - see caption to fig. 4

Three wires are suitable for a two-pole socket 4 with a third neutral contact, one of which is a neutral wire and is connected to the network in such a way that there are no even short-term breaks anywhere. Very important for installation do not confuse the neutral wire with the working neutral wire - May cause electric shock. The phase and neutral wires are connected to the contact screws of the working sockets of the socket.

The socket outlet 6 is connected to the network with phase and neutral wires, and it does not matter in what order these wires are connected to the sockets.

In some cases, in the hole of the wall panel that separates the rooms, a second one is installed near one socket (on the other side of the hole). To connect this socket to the network, it is enough to install a jumper connecting the sockets of both sockets.

In the circuit of a one- or two-lamp lamp 3, a switch is installed on the path from the phase wire to the cartridge (node A). A socket can be installed directly below the switch. In this case, one of the sockets of the socket is connected to the contact screw of the switch, to which the phase wire is suitable. The second socket is connected to the neutral wire in the branch box (node B).

In a multi-lamp luminaire (chandelier) 12 with separate lamp switching, the first terminals of all lamps are connected to the neutral wire, and both switches 11 are connected to the phase wire (node B). One of the lamps is turned on by one switch, the rest of the lamps, the outputs of which are interconnected, by the second.

Bell 9 is connected to the electrical network using a push-button switch (button). Please note that the button and wiring must be rated for 250 V. In addition, the button must not be installed in the yard and in damp rooms.

Features of electrical wiring that are directly related to electrical safety:

1) metal cases of single-phase electric stoves, portable household electrical appliances and machines with a power of more than 1,3 kW and metal pipes of electrical wiring are neutralized. The zeroing of the cases of electric stoves, household air conditioners, as well as portable household appliances and machines is carried out by laying a separate wire with a cross section equal to the cross section of the phase wire from the apartment shield. This wire is connected to the neutral protective conductor of the supply network in front of the meter (from the input side) and to the disconnecting device (if any);

2) hidden electrical wiring is carried out in bathrooms and toilets: wires are laid in PVC or other insulating tubes. It is forbidden to use protected wires in metal sheaths, as well as wires in steel pipes for electrical wiring in these rooms. Plug sockets in these rooms cannot be installed, except for a socket for turning on an electric shaver; this socket is connected to the network through a separating transformer;

3) in unheated basements, attics, in damp and especially damp rooms, electrical wiring is carried out open.

Electrical wiring in the outbuilding (Fig. 6).

The environment in a number of premises of an outbuilding (pigsty, cowshed) is aggressive and destroys the insulation, therefore it is preferable to carry out electrical wiring not with wires, but with a cable. Especially carefully it is necessary to carry out electrical work, since when touching bare wires at a voltage of 12, and even more so 220 V, the animal may die.

Plan of electrical wiring in a residential building and outbuildings
Rice. 6. Plan of an outbuilding with electrical wiring: I - a pigsty; II - poultry house; III - barn; IV - a room for storing inventory and fuel; V- utility room; 1 - pipe rack; 2 - lamp; 3 - hermetic switch

The metal parts of the fixtures installed in the outbuildings are grounded with a third conductor specially laid for this, which is connected to the neutral wire of the network in the junction box closest to the fixture.

Author: Bannikov E.A.

See other articles Section Electric power supply.

Read and write useful comments on this article.

<< Back

Latest news of science and technology, new electronics:

A New Way to Control and Manipulate Optical Signals 05.05.2024

The modern world of science and technology is developing rapidly, and every day new methods and technologies appear that open up new prospects for us in various fields. One such innovation is the development by German scientists of a new way to control optical signals, which could lead to significant progress in the field of photonics. Recent research has allowed German scientists to create a tunable waveplate inside a fused silica waveguide. This method, based on the use of a liquid crystal layer, allows one to effectively change the polarization of light passing through a waveguide. This technological breakthrough opens up new prospects for the development of compact and efficient photonic devices capable of processing large volumes of data. The electro-optical control of polarization provided by the new method could provide the basis for a new class of integrated photonic devices. This opens up great opportunities for ... >>

Primium Seneca keyboard 05.05.2024

Keyboards are an integral part of our daily computer work. However, one of the main problems that users face is noise, especially in the case of premium models. But with the new Seneca keyboard from Norbauer & Co, that may change. Seneca is not just a keyboard, it is the result of five years of development work to create the ideal device. Every aspect of this keyboard, from acoustic properties to mechanical characteristics, has been carefully considered and balanced. One of the key features of Seneca is its silent stabilizers, which solve the noise problem common to many keyboards. In addition, the keyboard supports various key widths, making it convenient for any user. Although Seneca is not yet available for purchase, it is scheduled for release in late summer. Norbauer & Co's Seneca represents new standards in keyboard design. Her ... >>

The world's tallest astronomical observatory opened 04.05.2024

Exploring space and its mysteries is a task that attracts the attention of astronomers from all over the world. In the fresh air of the high mountains, far from city light pollution, the stars and planets reveal their secrets with greater clarity. A new page is opening in the history of astronomy with the opening of the world's highest astronomical observatory - the Atacama Observatory of the University of Tokyo. The Atacama Observatory, located at an altitude of 5640 meters above sea level, opens up new opportunities for astronomers in the study of space. This site has become the highest location for a ground-based telescope, providing researchers with a unique tool for studying infrared waves in the Universe. Although the high altitude location provides clearer skies and less interference from the atmosphere, building an observatory on a high mountain poses enormous difficulties and challenges. However, despite the difficulties, the new observatory opens up broad research prospects for astronomers. ... >>

Random news from the Archive

MCP4725 - DAC and EEPROM 14.03.2008

Microchip Technology specialists introduced the MCP4725 chip. They succeeded, according to the official press release, for the first time in the industry, to house a 23-bit DAC and non-volatile electrically erasable memory (EEPROM) in a six-pin SOT-12 package.

Due to its compactness and low power consumption, the novelty is very well suited for mobile devices. The presence of non-volatile memory allows the MCP4725 to independently store data values and restore them when the power is turned on. Usually, a microcontroller is required to implement such a function. In this way, system designers are able to reduce cost, power consumption, and product size.

According to the company, the current consumed by the high-precision DAC in sleep mode does not exceed 0,06 μA, which allows for increased battery life. Another feature of the microcircuit is the built-in output amplifier that generates an output signal equal in amplitude to the supply voltage.

Among the areas of application of the MCP4725 DAC are consumer electronics (players, cameras, navigators); medical devices (portable monitors of sugar level, pressure and heart rate); industrial electronics (pocket measuring instruments, control systems for electrical appliances); household appliances (washing machines and coffee makers); and automotive systems (LED lighting and security systems).

Other interesting news:

▪ MDMEDH V in PowerFlat package

▪ Counterfeit alcohol detector

▪ Vacuum hard drives

▪ Biodegradable olive pit material

▪ Firefox 3.6 will detect screen orientation

News feed of science and technology, new electronics

Interesting materials of the Free Technical Library:

▪ section of the site Amateur radio calculations. Article selection

▪ article by Francisco Goya. Famous aphorisms

▪ article Who are lizards? Detailed answer

▪ article Duty operator of the HVO boiler house. Job description

▪ article Automotive speech informant. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

▪ article Miracle album. Focus Secret

Leave your comment on this article:

All languages of this page

Home page | Library | Articles | Website map | Site Reviews