Equipment options for objects for video surveillance. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
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Equipment options for objects for video surveillance. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Security and safety. Audio and video surveillance

A large number of premises and territories existing at the facility do not always allow giving unambiguous recommendations on the placement of cameras (TC). This section discusses the standard premises (room, corridor, stairs) and areas (perimeter, car parking) that can be found at most facilities, and gives recommendations for placing the TC in these premises (territories). In any case, options for equipping objects should be selected individually for each object at the stage of its study and agreed with the customer.

The following designations are accepted:

A, B - length and width of the video control zone, m;

V - horizontal field of view of the TC, m;

H - vertical field of view of the TC, m;

h is the height of the TC installation, m;

n, v - angles of view horizontally and vertically.

room

When protecting premises with the help of SOT, it is possible to perform the following tasks:

- general monitoring of the current situation in the room;

- control of the front door;

- monitoring of all openings (doors, windows) of the premises.

For example, the specific dimensions of the room: width (A) - 3 m, length (B) - 4 m. The first television camera (TK-1), which has a wide viewing angle (up to 100 °), covers the entire area of the room. The minimum distinguishable detail of the image at the far border of the video control zone is equal to SH - 31 mm. The first camera (TC-1) performs only the target detection task. To control all those entering the room, a second television camera (TK-2) is used, which has a smaller viewing angle. When choosing a camera with a vertical angle of view, consider the height of the door or the height of the person (i.e., the vertical field of view is approximately 1,8 m).

The minimum distinguishable detail of the image is equal to SH - 4 mm.

The second camera (TK-2) is capable of performing the target task of distinguishing the object of control. To identify the object of control, high-resolution television cameras (R - 600 TVL) are used.

To monitor the space in the openings of the room, a third television camera (TK-3) is used, located on the ceiling on a rotary device and equipped with a zoom lens.

Corridors

When guarding a corridor or room with the help of special systems, the following tasks are solved:

- all persons entering the corridor from the offices are monitored;

- all persons entering the corridor through the front door, for example, from the stairwell, are controlled.

These actions are performed using one camera equipped with a zoom lens, or two - with a large and small angle of view. If the length of the corridor is 10 m, the width is 2,5 m, and the first door is located at a distance of 3 m from the third camera, then at the far border of the control zone S (dri) will be equal to 21 mm, and S (ccn) - 6 mm. In other words, with the help of such cameras, both the task of detection and the task of distinguishing an object are performed. If a zoom lens is used, its magnification should be 3 with a minimum angle of view (a) of 15°. To perform the task of identifying persons entering the end door, high-resolution television cameras are used.

Stairs and entrance doors

It is recommended to monitor flights of stairs of the first and second floors from intermediate platforms between floors (it is not advisable to install cameras above the second floor). On platforms under the ceiling, it is necessary to install two cameras, directed, respectively, up and down the stairs.

Perimeter

When protecting the territory along the perimeter, for example, along the fence, a rejection zone (at least 2 m) is allocated, in which foreign objects, trees, shrubs, tall grass and other obstacles should not be located. The entire perimeter is divided into sections and the sizes of controlled zones are set. At each site, a television camera is placed on a tilt-and-turn device and equipped with a zoom lens. The minimum focal length is selected taking into account the condition for reducing the dead zone under the camera, and the maximum one is chosen to provide a field of view equal to the rejection zone width (V) at the far border of the control zone.

With a controlled perimeter length (D) of 100 m, a rejection zone width (V) of 2 m and a zoom lens with a maximum magnification and a maximum angle of view of 45°, there is a far border of the control zone:

- at the maximum angle of view S - 218 mm;

- at a minimum angle of view S - 32 mm.

Thus, at the far border of the control zone, a camera with the specified parameters performs the task of detection. For greater detail of the object of control, it is necessary to use cameras of higher resolution and lenses with higher magnification.

open areas

When protecting open areas, such as parking lots, cameras with a zoom lens on the lens, located on a tilt-and-turn device, are used. At the minimum focal length of the lens, an overview of the entire parking area is carried out. At the maximum focal length, it is possible to determine the number of a car in the parking lot. In addition, the TV camera can be connected to the license plate recognition system. The choice of a lens (with a zoom lens) with a magnification of 10 and a maximum angle of view of 45 ° with a length and width of an open area equal to 100 m gives the result: S = 13 mm, that is, with a minimum angle of view of the lens, it is possible to distinguish the car number on the monitor screen. The use of high-resolution cameras gives the result: S (mm) = 9 mm, that is, high-resolution cameras allow you to determine the car number at a greater distance.

When organizing video monitoring at parking lots, one should take into account the fact that at night the car enters the parking lot with the headlights on, in the light of which the car number may become indistinguishable.

In this case, you can apply the following:

- at the entrance to the parking lot, use emergency lighting to compensate for the lack of headlights;

- use cameras with white inversion function.

Author: Korshevr N.G.

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