Designation of conclusions of windings of electric motors of various types. Scheme, description

ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
Free library / Electrician

Designation of conclusions of windings of electric motors of various types. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering

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Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Electric motors

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Undoubtedly, a home electrician must be able to properly connect the electric motor to the network, and the main snag here is the number of conclusions of various kinds of windings: there are a lot of them, it is difficult to figure them out. Knowledge of the conventional unified designations applicable to domestic electric motors will be of great help.

The greatest difficulty is DC motor connection; here the number of conclusions can be more than ten.

They are denoted by the initial letters of words reflecting their functional purpose.:

R1 and R2 - the beginning and end of the armature winding;

K1 and K2 - the beginning and end of the compensation winding;

D1 and D2 - the beginning and end of the winding of additional poles;

C1 and C2 - the beginning and end of the serial (serial) excitation winding; Ш1 and Ш2 - the beginning and end of the parallel (shunt) excitation winding; U1 and U2 - the beginning and end of the equalizing wire, respectively.

Dealing with AC motors, which have a much smaller number of leads, is much easier:

- if the stator windings of three-phase AC motors are connected by a star, then the beginning of the stator windings is designated as C1, C2 and C3 (respectively, the first, second and third phases); zero point - 0. If the stator winding has six leads, then the designations C4, C5 and C6 indicate the ends of the windings (respectively, the first - 4, the second - 5 and the third phase - 6);

- if the connection of the stator windings is carried out by a triangle, then the designations C1, C2 and C3 determine the clamps of the first, second and third phases, respectively. Three-phase asynchronous motors have rotor winding terminals designated as P1, P2 and P3 (respectively the first, second and third phases), 0 indicates the zero point. The conclusions of the windings of asynchronous multi-speed motors are designated: for 4 poles - 4C1, 4C2 and 4C3; for 8 poles - 8C1, 8C2 and 8C3. In asynchronous single-phase motors, the conclusions of the main winding are indicated: C1 - the beginning, C2 - the end. For the conclusions of the starting winding of the same motors, the following designations are accepted: P1 - beginning, P2 - end.

The terminals of the exciter winding of synchronous motors, which are called inductors, are designated as I1 and I2 (respectively, the beginning and end of the winding).

In order to have as little confusion as possible when connecting the terminals of the windings of the collector machines, they are marked in different colors at manufacturing plants and in repair shops: armature winding terminals - in white; serial excitation winding - red (if it has an additional output, then it is marked with red and yellow colors); parallel excitation winding - green. To determine the beginnings and ends of the windings, the latter are always marked with black added to the main one; thus it turns out that the beginnings of the windings have one-color marks, and the ends are two-color.

The color marking of the conclusions of the windings of electric motors is an addition to the alphabetic one. However, in low-power electric motors, the windings are made with wires, the thickness of which does not allow the use of a letter designation, so the color marking is the main and only one here. In three-phase motors, the beginning of the first phase is indicated in yellow, the beginning of the second - in green, the beginning of the third - in red, black indicates the zero point. With six leads, the marking of the beginning of the windings is preserved, and the marking of the ends is made in the main color with the addition of black. The conclusions of the windings of asynchronous single-phase motors in the marking have the following colors: the beginning of the main winding is indicated by a red wire, the beginning of the starting winding is blue, in the marking of the ends of the windings, as usual, in addition to the main color, there is black.

Author: Korshevr N.G.

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