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ENCYCLOPEDIA OF RADIO ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING Glowing disk. Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering
Encyclopedia of radio electronics and electrical engineering / Beginner radio amateur The proposed device consists of an LED indicator mounted on a disk, a fixed base and a stepper motor connecting the base and the disk, which plays the role of a mechanical energy accumulator (Fig. 1).
As the disk rotates (Figure 2), the LEDs flash in sequence, creating an image of a shrinking red ring and then expanding green or red-green stars. Here the inertia of human vision is used. A similar more complex design is described in "Radio", 2007, No. 9, p. 45.
The scheme of the device is shown in fig. one.
When the stator of the motor G1 rotates relative to the rigidly fixed rotor, the alternating voltage supplied to the diode bridge VD1-VD4 is rectified, the capacitor C1 is smoothing. Chip DD1 - decimal counter with a decoder controls the inclusion of two-color LEDs HL2-HL11. On the blinking NI LED and resistor R1, a clock pulse generator is assembled, which are fed to the SR input (pin 13) of the DD1 microcircuit. When the NI LED flashes, a high level is set at the SR input, and when it is turned off, it is set to a low level. In the initial state, a high logic level is present only at output 0 (pin 3) and the red crystals of the LEDs HL2 and HL11 are lit. With each clock pulse, a high level is alternately and sequentially set at outputs 1-9 of the DD1 chip. This leads to the sequential inclusion of the following pairs of red LED crystals: H13 and NPO; HL4 and HL9, etc. With the appearance of a high level at output 5 (pin 1), the green crystals of the LEDs HL8, HL5 light up, then HL9, HL4, etc., and the cycle repeats. With a fast rotation of the disk, relative to the switching of the LED HL1, the observer perceives any luminous pair of LEDs as a ring. Depending on the rotation speed, the effect is maintained for 10...15 s. The image will be different if the generator frequency is made much higher than the disk rotation frequency. All indicator LEDs "have time to switch several times during one revolution. To do this, the circuit is being finalized in accordance with Fig. 4.
When the rotor of the generator G1 rotates, the pulses from its winding through the p-n transitions of the two-color LED HL1 are fed to the input of the CP of the DD1 microcircuit. When the contacts of the 5A1 switch are closed, the observer sees an image of an eight-pointed star (half of the tooth is green, half is red). When the contacts of the 5A1 switch are opened, the pulse repetition rate will decrease by half and an image of a rotating four-pointed star will appear on the disk. All elements of the device, except for the generator G1, are mounted on a board made of double-sided foil fiberglass, the drawing of which is shown in Fig. 5. Its length is selected in accordance with the size of the disc. The disc itself can be taken, for example, from an old record player.
The design of the device is illustrated in Fig. 6.
A stepper motor from a 5,25-inch drive is mounted like this. The head of the rotor 3 with the help of corners 2 is attached to the base 1 - a plate with a thickness of about a centimeter and dimensions comparable to the dimensions of the disk. The disc 5 itself is screwed to the back side of the stator 4 with two screws and the stator winding wires are led through the hole to the upper surface of the disc. On it, through a gasket 6 made of cardboard or plastic, a board 7 is fixed, the central part of which is closed with a plastic cover 9 with side slots. The cover is also fixed with screws, in its center, if desired, a coil 8 with nylon thread is installed for more convenient "acceleration" of the disk. LEDs can be covered with transparent cases made, for example, from a plastic bottle. In conclusion - about the details and possible options for the scheme. Resistors - MLT, S2-23, capacitor - K50-35 or imported. Diodes 1N5819 can be replaced with diodes of the KD510, KD522 series with any letter indices, the L-56BID LED can be replaced with L-796BSRD-B. L-816BSRD-B. Each two-color indicator LED (HL2-HL11) can be replaced by two LEDs of different or one glow color by turning them on in anti-parallel, as shown in the diagram (see Fig. 3), in this case, the total number of LEDs in the indicator will be 20. To reduce their number, the device can be assembled according to the scheme shown in Fig. 7, but then you need to change the layout of the printed circuit board.
By changing the number of LEDs, their location and connection order, you can get different images. Author: D. Mamichev, p/o Shatalovo-1, Smolensk region.
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